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1 she has dark hair
Общая лексика: у нее тёмные волосы -
2 dark
dark [dα:k]1. adjectivea. ( = lacking light) sombre ; ( = unlit) dans l'obscuritéb. ( = dark-coloured) [colour, skin] foncé ; [clothes, eyes] sombre• dark blue/green bleu/vert foncé invc. ( = sinister) dark hints were dropped about a possible prosecution on a fait planer la menace d'éventuelles poursuites judiciairesd. ( = gloomy) [thoughts, mood] sombre2. noun3. compounds* * *[dɑːk] 1.the dark — le noir, l'obscurité f
in the dark — dans le noir or l'obscurité
2.before/until dark — avant/jusqu'à la (tombée de la) nuit
1) ( lacking in light) sombreit is getting dark — il commence à faire noir or nuit
it's dark — il fait noir or nuit
2) ( in colour) [colour, suit] sombredark blue — bleu foncé inv
3) ( physically) [hair, eyes, skin] brunshe's dark — elle est brune, elle a les cheveux bruns
4) ( gloomy) [time, days, mood] sombre5) ( sinister) [secret, thought] noir (before n); [threat, warning] sombre6) ( evil) [force, power] maléfique••a shot in the dark — ( guess) un coup pour voir
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3 dark
1. [dɑ:k] n1. темнота, тьма; ночьat dark - а) в темноте; б) ночью
3. тайна, секретностьhis plans were made in the dark - его планы были разработаны втайне (от всех)
4. неведение; невежествоto be in the dark about smth. - быть в состоянии неизвестности, быть в неведении относительно чего-л., не знать о чём-л.
to keep /to leave/ smb. in the dark - держать кого-л. в неведении, скрывать (что-л.) от кого-л.
2. [dɑ:k] aI was (kept) in the dark about his intentions - я не был посвящён в его планы, я ничего не знал о его намерениях
1. 1) тёмный; чёрныйdark night [hills] - тёмная ночь [-ые холмы]
dark copse [garden] - тёмная рощица [-ый сад]
dark corner - а) тёмный угол; б) укромное местечко
pitch(y) dark - а) непроглядный; б) темно, хоть глаз выколи
it is getting dark - темнеет; вечереет, спускается ночь
as dark as midnight /as pitch/ - ≅ тьма кромешная, ни зги не видно
2) тёмный ( о цвете)dark dress [colour] - тёмное платье [-ый цвет]
2. 1) смуглый, тёмныйshe has dark hair [a dark complexion] - у неё тёмные волосы [смуглое лицо]
2) чёрный3. тёмный, дурной; порочный, чёрный; нечистый, сомнительныйdark deeds [thoughts] - чёрные дела [мысли]
dark purpose - сомнительная /дурная/ цель
4. 1) безрадостный; мрачный, угрюмый (о настроении, характере и т. п.)dark humour /mood/ - мрачное настроение
2) хмурый, печальный ( о выражении лица)dark brow /frowns/ - нахмуренный лоб
3) безнадёжный; тяжёлый ( о времени)dark prospects - невесёлые /неутешительные/ перспективы
dark days [times, hour] - тяжёлые дни [времена, -ый час]
4) мрачный, трагическийdark comedy - «чёрная комедия» (мрачная, пессимистическая пьеса-гротеск)
5. неясный, тёмный, непонятный; смутныйdark saying - туманное /загадочное/ высказывание
6. тайный, секретный; неизвестныйto keep smth. dark - скрывать что-л.; держать что-л. в секрете
to keep dark about smth. - не болтать лишнего о чём-л.
7. тёмный, невежественный, отсталый; необразованный, некультурный:he is still dark on a number of points - во многих вопросах /вещах/ он ещё плохо разбирается
8. крайний, полныйdark secret - строгий секрет, полнейшая тайна
9. муз. глубокий ( о звуке)10. молчащий, не вещающий (о радио; телевидении)♢
the Dark Ages - а) средневековье; б) раннее средневековьеthe Dark Continent - «Чёрный континент», Африка
the Dark and Bloody Ground - «Чёрная, кровавая земля», «Земля раздоров» ( старое индейское название штата Кентукки)
dark horse - а) тёмная лошадка (неизвестная лошадь на скачках, берущая приз вопреки ожиданиям); б) неожиданно победивший участник состязания; в) амер. «тёмная лошадка», неожиданно выдвинутый, малоизвестный кандидат ( на выборах)
the darkest hour is near the dawn - посл. самый тёмный час ближе всего к рассвету; ≅ нет худа без добра
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4 dark
[dɑːk] 1. прил.1)а) тёмный, лишённый света, освещенияThe room was kept dark. — В комнате всегда было темно.
It was too dark to read. — Читать было нельзя, так как было слишком темно.
It gets dark here early in the winter. — Зимой здесь темнеет рано.
It was dark outside and I couldn't see much. — На улице было темно, и я почти ничего не видел.
It's only four o'clock and it's nearly dark already. — Ещё только четыре часа, а уже почти совсем стемнело.
Ant:б) тёмный, не пропускающий свет, создающий темноту2) тусклый, неясный, невидимый ( о светящихся телах)dark star — астр. невидимая звезда ( часто одна из звёзд двойной системы)
Syn:3) тёмный, (почти) чёрный; тёмно-The only downside is the sombre shades used, but then again dark colours are more practical. — Оттенки использовали мрачноватые, и это - единственный недостаток, но, с другой стороны, тёмные цвета практичнее.
The sky went dark and it started to rain. — Небо почернело, и начался дождь.
Syn:Ant:4) тёмный ( о цвете волос); смуглый ( о коже); чёрный ( о цвете глаз)She has dark hair. — У неё тёмные волосы. / Она брюнетка.
Ant:5) темноволосый; смуглокожий, смуглый ( о человеке)A tall dark man was sitting in the corner. — В углу сидел высокий смуглый мужчина.
Syn:6) тёмный, дурной; порочный, чёрный; нечистый, сомнительныйSyn:7) безрадостный, безнадёжный, мрачный, тяжёлыйdark times — тяжёлые, мрачные времена
in the dark days after his father's death — в тяжёлые дни, наступившие после смерти его отца
to take a dark view of smth. — относиться с пессимизмом к чему-л., представлять что-л. в чёрном свете
Syn:8) угрюмый, мрачный, хмурый; сердитый, злойHe was waiting with a dark look on his face. — Он ждал с угрюмым вражением на лице.
Syn:9) мрачный, чёрный ( о юморе)10) тёмный, неясный, непонятныйThe drift of the Maker is dark. — Намерения Создателя неясны.
Syn:11) тайный, секретный; неизвестныйto keep smth. dark — брит.; разг. держать в секрете, скрывать что-л.
Syn:12) молчаливый, скрытный13) тёмный, невежественный, отсталый; необразованный, некультурный14) обычно darkest отдалённый, глухой15) театр. не дающий представлений16) юр. не заседающийThe court is dark today. — Сегодня суд не заседает.
17)б) тёмный, горький ( о шоколаде)Syn:18) лингв. велярный ( о звуке l)dark l — "тёмное" l ( как в слове full)
Ant:••2. сущ.The darkest hour is just before the dawn. — посл. Самый тёмный час ближе всего к рассвету. / Никогда нельзя терять надежду на лучшее.
1) темнота, тьма; ночьafter dark — после наступления темноты; ночью
Cats can see in the dark. — Кошки могут видеть в темноте.
2) тёмный цвет; тень ( на картине); тёмное пятно••in the dark — тайно, скрытно, секретно; в неведении; наобум
to whistle in the dark — храбриться, бодриться; пытаться побороть свой страх
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5 dark
1. n темнота, тьма; ночь2. n тень; тёмный цвет; тёмные пятна3. n тайна, секретность4. n неведение; невежествоI was in the dark about his intentions — я не был посвящён в его планы, я ничего не знал о его намерениях
5. a тёмный; чёрный6. a смуглый, тёмный7. a тёмный, дурной; порочный, чёрный; нечистый, сомнительный8. a безрадостный; мрачный, угрюмыйdark hour — тяжёлый час; мрачное время
9. a хмурый, печальный10. a безнадёжный; тяжёлый11. a мрачный, трагическийdark comedy — «чёрная комедия»
12. a неясный, тёмный, непонятный; смутный13. a тайный, секретный; неизвестный14. a тёмный, невежественный, отсталый; необразованный, некультурный15. a крайний, полный16. a муз. глубокийthis is a darker sound — этот звук более молчащий, не вещающий
the Dark Continent — «Чёрный континент», Африка
Синонимический ряд:1. bistered (adj.) bistered; black-a-vised; brunet; brunette; dark-skinned; dusky; swart; swarth; swarthy2. black (adj.) black; inky; pitch-dark3. caliginous (adj.) caliginous; Cimmerian; dim; dirty; dun; dusk; lightless; murky; shadowy; tenebrous; unilluminated; unlit4. cryptic (adj.) cryptic; Delphian; enigmatic; mystifying5. dismal (adj.) cheerless; dingy; discouraging; disheartening; dismal; drab; gloomy; pessimistic; sober; sombre6. evil (adj.) bad; corrupt; devilish; evil; flagitious; foul; hellish; immoral7. grim (adj.) frowning; grim; lowering; somber; sullen8. mystical (adj.) abstruse; cabalistic; cabbalistic; enigmatical; incomprehensible; mystic; mystical9. secret (adj.) concealed; confidential; hidden; hush-hush; mysterious; obscure; secret10. silent (adj.) reticent; silent11. untaught (adj.) benighted; ignorant; in the dark; uneducated; unenlightened; unlettered; unread; untaught; untutored12. darkness (noun) darkness; dimness; dusk; duskiness; evening; gloom; obscurityАнтонимический ряд:bright; brilliant; cheerful; clear; crystalline; dawn; dazzling; distinct; educated; enlightened; evident; fair; festive; glaring; godly; light; obvious -
6 dark
1. adjective1) (without light: a dark room; It's getting dark; the dark (= not cheerful) side.) oscuro2) (blackish or closer to black than white: a dark red colour; a dark (= not very white or fair) complexion; Her hair is dark.) oscuro3) (evil and usually secret: dark deeds; a dark secret.) misterioso, oscuro, secreto
2. noun(absence of light: in the dark; afraid of the dark; He never goes out after dark; We are in the dark (= we have no knowledge) about what is happening.) oscuridad- darken- darkness
- keep it dark
dark1 adj1. oscuro2. morenoit gets dark early in winter en invierno, anochece prontodark2 n1. oscuridad2. anochecertr[dɑːk]1 (without light) oscuro,-a2 (colour) oscuro,-a5 (sinister) siniestro,-a, oscuro,-a, tenebroso,-a6 (secret) misterioso,-a, secreto,-a, oscuro,-a1 (darkness) oscuridad nombre femenino2 (nightfall) anochecer nombre masculino\SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALLafter dark después del anochecerbefore dark antes del anochecer, antes de que anochezcato be in the dark figurative use no saber nadato get dark oscurecer, hacerse de nocheto keep somebody in the dark figurative use ocultarle algo a alguiento keep something dark mantener algo en secretoa dark horse (secretive person) un enigma, una incógnita 2 (surprise winner) un,-a ganador,-ra sorpresadark meat carne nombre femenino más oscuradark ['dɑrk] adj1) : oscuro (dícese del ambiente o de los colores), moreno (dícese del pelo o de la piel)2) somber: sombrío, tristeadj.• lóbrego, -a adj.• moreno, -a adj.• negro, -a adj.• negruzco, -a adj.• obscuro, -a adj.• oscuro, -a adj.• pardo, -a adj.• tenebroso, -a adj.• trigueño, -a adj.n.• oscuridad s.f.
I dɑːrk, dɑːkadjective -er, -est1) ( unlit) <room/night> oscuroit's getting dark — está oscureciendo, se está haciendo de noche
2)a) ( in color) oscurodark chocolate — chocolate m sin leche
dark glasses — anteojos mpl oscuros (esp AmL), gafas fpl negras (Esp)
b) ( in complexion) moreno3)a) (evil, sinister) (liter) <deeds/threats> oscurothere's a dark side to his nature/his activities — hay algo (de) siniestro en él/sus actividades
c) (mysterious, obscure) < allusion> oscuroto keep something dark — mantener* algo en secreto
II
mass nouna) ( absence of light)to be in the dark about something — estar* a oscuras sobre algo
b) ( nightfall)[dɑːk]1. ADJ(compar darker) (superl darkest)1) (=not illuminated) oscurothe room/house was dark — (=poky) era una habitación/casa oscura; (=badly-lit) la habitación/casa estaba oscura; (=lights not on) la habitación/casa estaba a oscuras
it was already dark outside — ya había oscurecido, ya era de noche
it gets dark early in winter — en invierno oscurece pronto, en invierno se hace de noche pronto
•
the dark side of the moon — la cara oculta de la lunahe is tall and dark — es alto y moreno, es alto y prieto (Mex)
3) (=sad, gloomy) [day, period] aciago; [mood, thoughts] sombrío4) (=obscure, mysterious) oscuro•
a dark corner of the world — un rincón recóndito del mundokeep it dark! * — ¡de esto ni una palabra a nadie!
5) (=sinister) [secret, plan, threat] siniestrowho performed the dark deed? — ¿quién llevó a cabo el vil acto?
2.NI want to leave before dark — quiero salir antes de que anochezca, quiero salir antes del anochecer
why are you sitting in the dark? — ¿por qué estás sentado en lo oscuro?
- be in the dark about sth- I'm still in the dark- keep/leave sb in the dark about sthsee shot 2., 5)3.CPDwe're still living in the dark ages — (fig) todavía vivimos en la Edad Media
dark chocolate N — chocolate m amargo, chocolate m negro
dark glasses NPL — gafas fpl oscuras
dark matter N — (Astron) materia f oscura
* * *
I [dɑːrk, dɑːk]adjective -er, -est1) ( unlit) <room/night> oscuroit's getting dark — está oscureciendo, se está haciendo de noche
2)a) ( in color) oscurodark chocolate — chocolate m sin leche
dark glasses — anteojos mpl oscuros (esp AmL), gafas fpl negras (Esp)
b) ( in complexion) moreno3)a) (evil, sinister) (liter) <deeds/threats> oscurothere's a dark side to his nature/his activities — hay algo (de) siniestro en él/sus actividades
c) (mysterious, obscure) < allusion> oscuroto keep something dark — mantener* algo en secreto
II
mass nouna) ( absence of light)to be in the dark about something — estar* a oscuras sobre algo
b) ( nightfall) -
7 dark
dɑ:k
1. прил.
1) а) темный to grow dark ≈ темнеть as dark as night ≈ темный как ночь The room was kept dark. ≈ В комнате всегда было темно. pitch dark ≈ совершенно темный б) тусклый, неясный, невидимый( о светящихся телах) Dark moon, the interval between the old and the new moon. ≈ Невидимая луна, время между старым и новым месяцем. Syn: dim
1., invisible в) пасмурный, хмурый, мрачный( о небе, облаках, погоде и т. п.) dark clouds ≈ темные, мрачные облака cloudy and dark weather ≈ облачная хмурая погода Syn: sombre ∙ Syn: gloomy
2) а) темный (о цвете - близкий к черному) a dark ground with white or yellow letters ≈ темное основание с белыми или желтыми буквами б) смуглый, темный (о лице, волосах) Ant: fair II
1. в) глубокий, темный с прилагательными, обозначающими цвета dark green ≈ темно-зеленый Ant: light I
2.
3) низкий, дурной, безнравственный, подлый associated in the public mind with the darkest and meanest vices ≈ связанный в умах людей с самыми дурными и низкими пороками the dark powers that lead to war ≈ темные силы, которые ведут к войне Syn: evil
2., wicked
1., foul
1.
4) а) безрадостный, мрачный her dark lot ≈ ее мрачная участь Syn: gloomy, cheerless, dismal
1., sad б) угрюмый, мрачный ( о человеке) We must dissipate that dark humour. ≈ Мы должны разогнать это мрачное настроение. Syn: gloomy, sullen, sad в) хмурый, нахмуренный( о выражении лица) Syn: frowning
5) а) темный, неясный (для понимания) б) смутный, неразличимый( для мысленного взгляда)
6) а) скрытый, секретный, тайный She kept it dark about the young lady who was staying with her. ≈ Она никому не говорила о живущей с ней девушке. Syn: concealed, secret
2. б) скрытный( о человеке) Syn: reticent, secret
2.
7) темный, необразованный Syn: unenlightened, uninformed, ignorant
8) закрытый( о театре и т. п.) The theater is dark in the summer. ≈ Театр летом закрыт. ∙ dark ages ≈ средневековье the Dark Continent ≈ Африка (ирон. - об отдаленных или нецивилизованных странах)
2. сущ.
1) а) темнота, тьма to grope for the door in the dark ≈ нащупывать в темноте дверь dark of the moon ≈ время, когда старая луна исчезла, а новая еще не народилась Syn: darkness б) вечер, ночь, сумерки( темное время) Syn: night
1., nightfall
2) темный цвет;
живоп. тень;
перен. темное пятно A light is made brighter by being opposed to a dark. ≈ Светлое становится ярче по контрасту с чем-либо темным.
3) тайна, секретность Most of his dealings were done in the dark. ≈ Большинство его операций проводилось в секретности. Such legislation is usually procured in the dark. ≈ Такие законы обычно вырабатываются втайне. Syn: obscurity
4) неизвестность, неведение I hope you will no longer keep me in the dark. ≈ Я надеюсь, что вы недолго будете держать меня в неизвестности. I am entirely in the dark. ≈ Я в полнейшем неведении. темнота, тьма;
ночь - after * после наступления темноты - at * в темноте;
ночью - before * до наступления темноты - day and * день и ночь - to sit in the * сидеть в темноте - to grope in the * пробираться ощупью в потемках - to be afraid of the * бояться темноты тень;
темный цвет;
темные пятна - mild * легкая тень - the lights and *s of a picture игра света и тени в картине тайна, секретность - to plot in the * тайно готовить заговор - his plans were made in the * его планы были разработаны втайне неведение;
невежество - to be in the * about smth. быть в состоянии неизвестности, быть в неведении относительно чего-л., не знать о чем-л. - to keep smb. in the * держать кого-л. в неведении, скрывать от кого-л. - I was in the * about his intentions я не был посвящен в его планы, я ничего не знал о его намерениях темный;
черный - * night темная ночь - * day хмурый день - * days зимние дни - * copse темная рощица - * corner темный угол;
укромное местечко - pitchy * непроглядный;
темно, хоть глаз выколи - it is getting * темнеет;
вечереет, спускается ночь - as * as midnight тьма кромешная, ни зги не видно темный (о цвете) - * dress темное платье - * blue темно-голубой смуглый, темный - she has * hair у нее темные волосы черный - the * race черная раса темный, дурной;
порочный, черный;
нечистый, сомнительный - * deeds черные дела - * designs преступные замыслы - * business темное дело - * purpose сомнительная цель безрадостный;
мрачный, угрюмый - * humour мрачное настроение - * to be in a * humour быть в мрачном настроении - * temper угрюмый характер - a * view of the future мрачный взгляд на будущее хмурый, печальный - * brow нахмуренный лоб - his eyes grew * глаза его затуманились безнадежный;
тяжелый - * prospects невеселые перспективы - * days тяжелые дни мрачный, трагический - * comedy "черная комедия" неясный, темный, непонятный;
смутный - * hint неясный намек - * problem запутанный вопрос - * saying туманное высказывание - the meaning is still * смысл все-таки неясен тайный, секретный;
неизвестный - to keep smth. * скрывать что-л.;
держать что-л. в секрете - to keep * about smth. не болтать лишнего о чем-л. темный, невежественный, отсталый;
необразованный, некультурный - * age век обскурантизма - he is still * on a number of points во многих вопросах он еще плохо разбирается крайний, полный - * ignorance крайнее невежество - * oblivion полное забвение - * secret строгий секрет, полнейшая тайна (музыкальное) глубокий (о звуке) - this is a *er sound этот звук более глубокий молчащий, не вещающий > the D. Ages средневековье;
раннее средневековье;
> the D. Continent "Черный континент", Африка;
> the D. and Bloody Ground "Черная, кровавая земля", "Земля раздоров";
> * horse темная лошадка;
неожиданно победивший участник состязания;
(американизм) "темная лошадка", неожиданно выдвинутый, малоизвестный кандидат;
> the *est hour is near the dawn (пословица) самый темный час ближе всего к рассвету;
нет худа без добра ~ темнота, тьма;
after dark после наступления темноты;
at dark в темноте;
before dark до наступления темноты ~ темнота, тьма;
after dark после наступления темноты;
at dark в темноте;
before dark до наступления темноты ~ неведение;
to be in the dark быть в неведении, не знать( about) ;
to keep (smb.) in the dark держать (кого-л.) в неведении;
скрывать (что-л. от кого-л.) ~ темнота, тьма;
after dark после наступления темноты;
at dark в темноте;
before dark до наступления темноты dark дурной, нечистый (о поступке) ~ мрачный, угрюмый;
безнадежный, печальный;
dark humour мрачный юмор;
to look on the dark side of things быть пессимистом ~ неведение;
to be in the dark быть в неведении, не знать (about) ;
to keep (smb.) in the dark держать (кого-л.) в неведении;
скрывать (что-л. от кого-л.) ~ невежество ~ необразованный, темный ~ смуглый;
темноволосый;
dark complexion смуглый цвет лица ~ тайный, секретный;
непонятный;
неясный;
to keep dark скрываться;
to keep a thing dark держать (что-л.) в секрете ~ темнота, тьма;
after dark после наступления темноты;
at dark в темноте;
before dark до наступления темноты ~ жив. тень;
the lights and darks of a picture свет и тени в картине ~ темный;
it is getting dark становится темно, темнеет;
dark closet( или room) фото темная комната the ~ ages средневековье;
the Dark and Bloody Ground амер. штат Кентукки;
the Dark Continent Африка the ~ ages средневековье;
the Dark and Bloody Ground амер. штат Кентукки;
the Dark Continent Африка ~ темный;
it is getting dark становится темно, темнеет;
dark closet (или room) фото темная комната ~ смуглый;
темноволосый;
dark complexion смуглый цвет лица the ~ ages средневековье;
the Dark and Bloody Ground амер. штат Кентукки;
the Dark Continent Африка ~ мрачный, угрюмый;
безнадежный, печальный;
dark humour мрачный юмор;
to look on the dark side of things быть пессимистом in the ~ of the moon в кромешной тьме in the ~ of the moon в новолуние ~ темный;
it is getting dark становится темно, темнеет;
dark closet (или room) фото темная комната ~ тайный, секретный;
непонятный;
неясный;
to keep dark скрываться;
to keep a thing dark держать (что-л.) в секрете ~ тайный, секретный;
непонятный;
неясный;
to keep dark скрываться;
to keep a thing dark держать (что-л.) в секрете ~ неведение;
to be in the dark быть в неведении, не знать (about) ;
to keep (smb.) in the dark держать (кого-л.) в неведении;
скрывать (что-л. от кого-л.) ~ жив. тень;
the lights and darks of a picture свет и тени в картине ~ мрачный, угрюмый;
безнадежный, печальный;
dark humour мрачный юмор;
to look on the dark side of things быть пессимистом -
8 dark
1. adjective1) (without light: a dark room; It's getting dark; the dark (= not cheerful) side.) mørk2) (blackish or closer to black than white: a dark red colour; a dark (= not very white or fair) complexion; Her hair is dark.) mørk3) (evil and usually secret: dark deeds; a dark secret.) mørk, dyster; hemmelig2. noun(absence of light: in the dark; afraid of the dark; He never goes out after dark; We are in the dark (= we have no knowledge) about what is happening.) mørke- darken- darkness
- keep it darkgretten--------muggen--------mutt--------mørk--------mørke--------natt--------tverrIsubst. \/dɑːk\/1) mørke2) mørk farge, mørkt parti3) ( overført) uvitenhet, uvisshetafter dark etter mørkets frembrudda shot\/stab in the dark et skudd i blindeat dark i skumringenbe afraid of the dark være mørkreddbefore dark før mørkets frembruddbe in the dark about være uvitende omIIadj. \/dɑːk\/1) mørkdet begynner å skumre \/ det begynner å bli mørkt2) ( brukt i sammensetninger) mørke-3) ( overført) mørk, svart, dyster, skummel4) ( overført) dunkel, fordekt, dyp, hemmelig, hemmelighetsfull5) (gammeldags, om person) svevende i uvitenhet, famlende i mørke, uopplysta dark secret en vel bevart hemmelighetdark deeds mørkets gjerningerkeep dark ( hverdagslig) holde seg gjemtkeep dark about ( hverdagslig) holde tett medthe dark side ( overført) nattesiden, skyggesiden -
9 gray
see greytr[greɪ]1 SMALLAMERICAN ENGLISH/SMALL→ link=grey grey{gray ['greɪ] vt: hacer grisgray vi: encanecer, ponerse grisgray adj1) : gris (dícese del color)2) : cano, canosogray hair: pelo canosoto go gray: volverse cano3) dismal, gloomy: gris, tristegray n: gris madj.• cano, -a adj.• gris (Color) adj.• pardo, -a adj.n.• gris s.m.v.• encanecer v.• volverse gris v.
IBrE grey greɪ adjective -er, -esta) <suit/day> gris; <outlook/future> poco prometedor; < personality> grisb) < beard> canoso, cano (liter)she has gray hair — es canosa, tiene el pelo canoso
she went gray overnight — le salieron canas or se quedó canosa de la noche a la mañana
c) < horse> rucio, gris
II
BrE grey mass noun gris m(US) [ɡreɪ]1. ADJ(compar greyer) (superl greyest)1) (in colour) gris; [face, complexion] ceniciento; [hair, beard] gris, canoso, cano liter; [horse] ruciodark grey — gris oscuro adj inv
light grey — gris claro adj inv
he's very grey for his age — tiene el pelo muy gris or canoso para su edad
to have grey hair — tener el pelo gris or canoso
to go grey — [hair] volverse gris or canoso
to turn grey — [person, face] palidecer
2) (=bleak) [place, day] gris3) (=boring) [person] grispeople are fed up with stereotype politicians, the men in grey suits — la gente está cansada de los políticos estereotipados, los personajes incoloros
4) * [pound, vote] de la tercera edad2. N1) (=colour) gris m2) (=horse) rucio m3.VI [hair] encanecer4.CPDgrey area N — (=unclear area) área f poco definida, área f gris; (=intermediate area) área f intermedia
it's rather a grey area — es un área poco definida or bastante gris
grey friar N — see friar
grey matter N — (Anat, hum) materia f gris
grey mullet N — mújol m
grey squirrel N — ardilla f gris
grey water N — aguas fpl grises
* * *
IBrE grey [greɪ] adjective -er, -esta) <suit/day> gris; <outlook/future> poco prometedor; < personality> grisb) < beard> canoso, cano (liter)she has gray hair — es canosa, tiene el pelo canoso
she went gray overnight — le salieron canas or se quedó canosa de la noche a la mañana
c) < horse> rucio, gris
II
BrE grey mass noun gris m -
10 grow
ɡrəupast tense - grew; verb1) ((of plants) to develop: Carrots grow well in this soil.) crecer2) (to become bigger, longer etc: My hair has grown too long; Our friendship grew as time went on.) crecer3) (to cause or allow to grow: He has grown a beard.) dejarse4) ((with into) to change into, in becoming mature: Your daughter has grown into a beautiful woman.) hacerse, convertirse en5) (to become: It's growing dark.) hacerse•- grower- grown
- growth
- grown-up
- grown-up
- grow on
- grow up
grow vb1. crecer2. cultivar3. dejar crecertr[grəʊ]1 (gen) crecer■ hasn't your hair grown! ¡cómo te ha crecido el pelo!2 (increase, expand - quantity, population) aumentar; (city, company, money) crecer3 (become) hacerse, volverse■ it grew dark oscureció, anocheció, se hizo de noche4 (begin gradually) llegar a1 (crop, plant, flower) cultivar2 (beard etc) dejarse (crecer); (hair, nails) dejarse crecer\SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALLmoney doesn't grow on trees el dinero no cae del cielo1) : crecerpalm trees grow on the islands: las palmas crecen en las islasmy hair grows very fast: mi pelo crece muy rápido2) develop, mature: desarrollarse, madurar3) increase: crecer, aumentar4) become: hacerse, volverse, ponerseshe was growing angry: se estaba poniendo furiosato grow dark: oscurecerse5)to grow up : hacerse mayorgrow up!: ¡no seas niño!grow vt1) cultivate, raise: cultivar2) : dejar crecerto grow one's hair: dejarse crecer el pelov.(§ p.,p.p.: grew, grown) = acrecentar v.• brotar v.• crecer v.• criar v.• cultivar v.• desarrollarse v.• medrar v.• producir v.(§pres: produzco, produces...) pret: produj-•)grəʊ
1.
1) ( get bigger) \<\<plant/person\>\> crecer*; ( develop emotionally) madurar; (expand, increase) \<\<city/company\>\> crecer*; \<\<quantity/population/membership\>\> aumentar; \<\<suspicion/influence\>\> crecer*, aumentarhow you've grown! — qué grande estás!, cómo has crecido!
the economy is growing again — la economía vuelve a experimentar un período de crecimiento or expansión
to grow in popularity — crecer* or aumentar en popularidad
2)a) ( become)to grow careless — volverse* descuidado
to grow dark — oscurecerse*; ( at dusk) oscurecer*, anochecer*
to grow old — envejecer*, volverse* viejo
b) ( get)to grow to + INF: she grew to love him llegó a quererlo, se fue enamorando de él; she'd grown to expect that of him — se había acostumbrado a esperar eso de él
2.
vta) ( cultivate) \<\<flowers/plants/crops\>\> cultivarb)to grow a beard/mustache — dejarse (crecer) la barba/el bigote
Phrasal Verbs:- grow on- grow out- grow up[ɡrǝʊ] (pt grew) (pp grown)1. VI1) [plant, hair, person, animal] crecerhow you've grown! — ¡cómo has crecido!
she's letting her hair grow — se está dejando crecer el pelo, se está dejando el pelo largo
that plant does not grow in England — esa planta no crece or no se da en Inglaterra
will it grow here? — ¿se puede cultivar aquí?
to grow to or into manhood — llegar a la edad adulta
2) (=increase) (in number, amount) aumentarthe number of unemployed has grown by more than 10,000 — el número de parados ha aumentado en más de 10.000
opposition grew and the government agreed to negotiate — la oposición cobró más fuerza y el gobierno decidió entrar en negociaciones
the winds grew to gale force — la intensidad del viento aumentó hasta alcanzar velocidades de temporal
3) (=develop) [friendship, love] desarrollarse; [person] madurarI feel I have grown immensely as a result of the experience — siento que he madurado muchísimo como consecuencia de la experiencia
•
our eyes gradually grew accustomed to the light — los ojos se nos fueron acostumbrando a la luz•
to grow cold, the coffee had grown cold — el café se había enfriadowe grew colder as the night wore on — a medida que pasaba la noche nos fue entrando cada vez más frío
it's grown a lot colder, hasn't it? — ha enfriado mucho ¿verdad?
•
she has grown quite knowledgeable on the subject — ha aprendido mucho sobre el tema•
he grew tired of waiting — se cansó de esperar•
to grow used to sth — acostumbrarse a algo•
she grew weaker with each passing day — se fue debilitando día tras día•
to grow worse, the housing shortage is growing worse — la escasez de viviendas es cada vez mayorshe grew worse that day and died during the night — ese día se puso peor or su condición empeoró y murió durante la noche
5)to grow to like sb — llegar a querer a algn, encariñarse con algn
2. VT1) [+ plant, crop] cultivarI grow my own vegetables — tengo mi propio huerto, cultivo mis verduras
2) [+ hair, beard, moustache, nails] dejarse crecershe has grown her hair long — se ha dejado el pelo largo, se ha dejado crecer el pelo
- grow in- grow on- grow out- grow up* * *[grəʊ]
1.
1) ( get bigger) \<\<plant/person\>\> crecer*; ( develop emotionally) madurar; (expand, increase) \<\<city/company\>\> crecer*; \<\<quantity/population/membership\>\> aumentar; \<\<suspicion/influence\>\> crecer*, aumentarhow you've grown! — qué grande estás!, cómo has crecido!
the economy is growing again — la economía vuelve a experimentar un período de crecimiento or expansión
to grow in popularity — crecer* or aumentar en popularidad
2)a) ( become)to grow careless — volverse* descuidado
to grow dark — oscurecerse*; ( at dusk) oscurecer*, anochecer*
to grow old — envejecer*, volverse* viejo
b) ( get)to grow to + INF: she grew to love him llegó a quererlo, se fue enamorando de él; she'd grown to expect that of him — se había acostumbrado a esperar eso de él
2.
vta) ( cultivate) \<\<flowers/plants/crops\>\> cultivarb)to grow a beard/mustache — dejarse (crecer) la barba/el bigote
Phrasal Verbs:- grow on- grow out- grow up -
11 be
'bi: ɡi:( abbreviation) (Bachelor of Engineering; first degree in Engineering.) licenciatura en Ingenieríabe vb1. serwhat time is it? It's 3 o'clock ¿qué hora es? Son las treswho is it? It's me ¿quién es? Soy yo2. estarhow are you? I'm fine ¿cómo estás? estoy bienwhere is Pauline? ¿dónde está Pauline?how far is it? ¿a qué distancia está?what day is it today? ¿qué día es hoy? / ¿a qué día estamos?3. tenerhow old are you? I'm 16 ¿cuántos años tienes? tengo 16 años4. costar / valer / serhow much is it? ¿cuánto cuesta? / ¿cuánto vale? / ¿cuánto es?the tickets are £15 each las entradas valen 15 libras cada una5. hacer6. haberhow many children are there? ¿cuántos niños hay?Se usa también para construir el tiempo verbal llamado present continuous que indica una acción que está pasando en estos momentoswhat are you doing? ¿qué estás haciendo? / ¿qué haces?look, it's snowing mira, está nevando
be sustantivo femenino: name of the letter b, often called be largaor grande to distinguish it from v 'be' also found in these entries: Spanish: A - abasto - abate - abismo - abotargarse - abreviar - abrirse - absoluta - absoluto - abultar - abundar - aburrir - aburrirse - acabose - acariciar - acaso - acertar - achantarse - acometer - acostada - acostado - acostumbrar - acostumbrada - acostumbrado - acreditar - activa - activo - adelantar - adelantarse - adentro - adivinarse - admirarse - adolecer - aferrarse - afianzarse - aficionada - aficionado - afligirse - agonizar - agotarse - agradecer - agua - ahogarse - ahora - aire - ajo - ala - alarmarse - alcanzar - alegrarse English: aback - abate - about - absent - accordance - account for - accountable - accustom - acquaint - action - addicted - address - adequate - adjust - admit - affiliated - afford - afraid - agenda - agree - agreement - ahead - air - airsick - alert - alive - alone - along - aloof - alphabetically - always - am - ambition - amenable - amusing - anathema - annoyance - anomaly - anxious - apologetic - appal - appall - are - arm - around - arrears - as - ashamed - aspire - assertbetr[biː]intransitive verb (pres 1ª pers am, 2ª pers sing y todas del pl are, 3ª pers sing is; pt 1ª y 3ª pers sing was, 2ª pers sing y todas del pl; pp been)2 (essential quality) ser3 (nationality) ser4 (occupation) ser5 (origin) ser6 (ownership) ser7 (authorship) ser8 (composition) ser9 (use) ser10 (location) estar11 (temporary state) estar■ how are you? ¿cómo estás?12 (age) tener13 (price) costar, valer■ a single ticket is £9.50 un billete de ida cuesta £9.5014 tener■ he's hot/cold tiene calor/frío■ we're hungry/thirsty tenemos hambre/sed1 (passive) ser■ she was arrested at the border fue detenida en la frontera, la detuvieron en la frontera■ he's hated by everybody es odiado por todos, todos lo odian■ he was discharged fue dado de alta, lo dieron de alta■ the house has been sold la casa ha sido vendida, la casa se ha vendido, han vendido la casa■ thirty children were injured treinta niños fueron heridos, treinta niños resultaron heridos■ the two areas of the town are divided by a wall las dos zonas de la ciudad están divididas por un muro1 (obligation) deber, tener que1 (future)phrase there is / there are1 hay■ is there much traffic ¿hay mucho tráfico?1 había■ were there many people? ¿había mucha gente?1 habrá1 habría■ if Mike came, there would be ten of us si viniera Mike, seríamos diez\SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALLto be about to «+ inf» estar para + inf, estar a punto de + infto be or not to be ser o no serbe ['bi:] v, was ['wəz, 'wɑz] ; were ['wər] ; been ['bɪn] ; being ; am ['æm] ; is ['ɪz] ; are ['ɑr] viJosé is a doctor: José es doctorI'm Ana's sister: soy la hermana de Anathe tree is tall: el árbol es altoyou're silly!: ¡eres tonto!she's from Managua: es de Managuait's mine: es míomy mother is at home: mi madre está en casathe cups are on the table: las tazas están en la mesato be or not to be: ser, o no serI think, therefore I am: pienso, luego existohow are you?: ¿cómo estás?I'm cold: tengo fríoshe's 10 years old: tiene 10 añosthey're both sick: están enfermos los dosbe v impersit's eight o'clock: son las ochoit's Friday: hoy es viernesit's sunny: hace solit's very dark outside: está bien oscuro afuerabe v auxwhat are you doing? -I'm working: ¿qué haces? -estoy trabajandoit was finished yesterday: fue acabado ayer, se acabó ayerit was cooked in the oven: se cocinó en el hornocan she be trusted?: ¿se puede confiar en ella?you are to stay here: debes quedarte aquíhe was to come yesterday: se esperaba que viniese ayerbev.(§ p.,p.p.: was, were, been) = estar v.(§pres: estoy, estás...) pret: estuv-•)• ser v.(§pres: soy, eres, es, somos, sois, son) subj: se-imp: er-fu-•)biːˌ weak form bi
1.
2)a) (followed by an adjective)she's French/intelligent — es francesa/inteligente
he's worried/furious — está preocupado/furioso
he's blind — es or (Esp tb) está ciego
have you never had gazpacho? it's delicious! — ¿nunca has comido gazpacho? es delicioso!
the gazpacho is delicious, did you make it yourself? — el gazpacho está delicioso ¿lo hiciste tú?
she was very rude to me — estuvo or fue muy grosera conmigo
Tony is married/divorced/single — Tony está or (esp AmL) es casado/divorciado/soltero
to be married to somebody — estar* casado con alguien
3)a) (followed by a noun) ser*who was Prime Minister at the time? — ¿quién era Primer Ministro en ese momento?
it's me/Daniel — soy yo/es Daniel
if I were you, I'd stay — yo que tú or yo en tu lugar me quedaría
b) ( play the role of) hacer* de4)how are you? — ¿cómo estás?
I'm much better — estoy or me encuentro mucho mejor
she's pregnant/tired — está embarazada/cansada
I'm cold/hot/hungry/thirsty/sleepy — tengo frío/calor/hambre/sed/sueño
b) ( talking about age) tener*how old are you? — ¿cuántos años tienes?
he's a lot older/younger — es mucho mayor/menor
c) (giving cost, measurement, weight)how much is that? - that'll be $15, please — ¿cuánto es? - (son) 15 dólares, por favor
they are $15 each — cuestan or valen 15 dólares cada una
how tall/heavy is he? — ¿cuánto mide/pesa?
5)a) (exist, live)I think, therefore I am — pienso, luego existo
to let something/somebody be — dejar tranquilo or en paz algo/a alguien
b) ( in expressions of time)don't be too long — no tardes mucho, no (te) demores mucho (esp AmL)
I'm drying my hair, I won't be long — me estoy secando el pelo, enseguida estoy
how long will dinner be? — ¿cuánto falta para la cena?
c) ( take place) ser*6) (be situated, present) estar*where is the library? — ¿dónde está or queda la biblioteca?
where are you? — ¿dónde estás?
what's in that box? — ¿qué hay en esa caja?
who's in the movie? — ¿quién actúa or trabaja en la película?
how long are you in Chicago (for)? — (colloq) ¿cuánto (tiempo) te vas a quedar en Chicago ?
7) (only in perfect tenses) ( visit) estar*have you been to the exhibition yet? — ¿ya has estado en or has ido a la exposición?
2.
v impers1)a) (talking about physical conditions, circumstances)it's sunny/cold/hot — hace sol/frío/calor
it's so noisy/quiet in here! — qué ruido/silencio hay aquí!
I have enough problems as it is, without you... — yo ya tengo suficientes problemas sin que tú encima...
b) ( in expressions of time) ser*hi, Joe, it's been a long time — qué tal, Joe, tanto tiempo (sin verte)
c) ( talking about distance) estar*it's 500 miles from here to Detroit — Detroit queda or está a 500 millas de aquí
2)a) (introducing person, object) ser*it was me who told them — fui yo quien se lo dije or dijo, fui yo el que se lo dije or dijo
b) (in conditional use) ser*if it hadn't been o had it not been for Juan, we would have been killed — si no hubiera sido por Juan or de no ser por Juan, nos habríamos matado
3.
v aux1) to be -inga) ( used to describe action in progress) estar* + gerwhat was I saying? — ¿qué estaba diciendo?
she was leaving when... — se iba cuando...
how long have you been waiting? — ¿cuánto (tiempo) hace que esperas?, ¿cuánto (tiempo) llevas esperando?
b) ( with future reference)he is o will be arriving tomorrow — llega mañana
when are you seeing her? — ¿cuándo la vas a ver or la verás?
2) (in the passive voice) ser* [The passive voice, however, is less common in Spanish than it is in English]it was built in 1903 — fue construido en 1903, se construyó en 1903, lo construyeron en 1903
she was told that... — le dijeron or se le dijo que...
it is known that... — se sabe que...
3) to be to + infa) ( with future reference)if a solution is to be found... — si se quiere encontrar or si se ha de encontrar una solución...
b) ( expressing possibility)what are we to do? — ¿qué podemos hacer?
c) ( expressing obligation) deber* + inf, tener* que + inf, haber* de + inftell her she's to stay here — dile que debe quedarse or tiene que quedarse aquí, dile que se quede aquí
am I to understand that... ? — ¿debo entender que... ?
4) ( in hypotheses)what would happen if she were o was to die? — ¿qué pasaría si ella muriera?
5)she's right, isn't she? — tiene razón, ¿no? or ¿verdad? or ¿no es cierto?
so that's what you think, is it? — de manera que eso es lo que piensas
are you disappointed? - yes, I am/no, I'm not — ¿estás desilusionado? - sí (, lo estoy)/no (, no lo estoy)
she was told the news, and so was he/but I wasn't — a ella le dieron la noticia, y también a él/pero a mí no
[biː] (present am, is or are pt was or were pp been)I'm surprised, are/aren't you? — estoy sorprendido, ¿y tú?/¿tú no?
1. INTRANSITIVE VERB1) (linking nouns, noun phrases, pronouns) serit's me! — ¡soy yo!
who wants to be Hamlet? — ¿quién quiere hacer de or ser Hamlet?
if I were you... — yo en tu lugar..., yo que tú... *
2) (possession) serUse [estar] with past participles used as adjectives describing the results of an action or process:it's round/enormous — es redondo/enorme
4) (changeable or temporary state) estarshe's bored/ill — está aburrida/enferma
how are you? — ¿cómo estás?, ¿qué tal estás?
how are you now? — ¿qué tal te encuentras ahora?
In certain expressions where English uses [be] + adjective to describe feelings ([be cold]/[hot]/[hungry]/[thirsty]), Spanish uses [tener] with a noun:I'm very well, thanks — estoy muy bien, gracias
I'm cold/hot — tengo frío/calor
I'm hungry/thirsty — tengo hambre/sed
afraid, sleepy, rightbe good! — ¡pórtate bien!
5) (age)"how old is she?" - "she's nine" — -¿cuántos años tiene? -tiene nueve años
6) (=take place) ser7) (=be situated) estarit's on the table — está sobre or en la mesa
where is the Town Hall? — ¿dónde está or queda el ayuntamiento?
it's 5 km to the village — el pueblo está or queda a 5 kilómetros
we've been here for ages — hace mucho tiempo que estamos aquí, llevamos aquí mucho tiempo, estamos aquí desde hace mucho tiempo
•
here you are(, take it) — aquí tienes(, tómalo)•
there's the church — ahí está la iglesiaa) (referring to weather) hacerit's hot/cold — hace calor/frío
b) (referring to time, date etc) serwake up, it's morning — despierta, es de día
what's the date (today)? — ¿qué fecha es hoy?
But note the following alternatives with [estar]:it's 3 May or the 3rd of May — es 3 de mayo
it's 3 May or the 3rd of May — estamos a 3 de mayo
c) (asking and giving opinion) seris it certain that...? — ¿es verdad or cierto que...?
is it fair that she should be punished while...? — ¿es justo que se la castigue mientras que...?
it is possible that he'll come — es posible que venga, puede (ser) que venga
it is unbelievable that... — es increíble que...
it's not clear whether... — no está claro si...
d) (emphatic) serwhy is it that she's so successful? — ¿cómo es que tiene tanto éxito?, ¿por qué tiene tanto éxito?
it was then that... — fue entonces cuando...
9) (=exist) haberthere is/are — hay
what is (there) in that room? — ¿qué hay en esa habitación?
is there anyone at home? — ¿hay alguien en casa?
there being no alternative solution... — al no haber or no habiendo otra solución...
let there be light! — ¡hágase la luz!
See:THERE IS, THERE ARE in there10) (=cost)how much was it? — ¿cuánto costó?
the book is £20 — el libro vale or cuesta 20 libras
how much is it? — ¿cuánto es?; (when paying) ¿qué le debo? frm
11) (=visit)has the postman been? — ¿ha venido el cartero?
have you ever been to Glasgow? — ¿has estado en Glasgow alguna vez?
12) (in noun compounds) futuro•
my wife to be — mi futura esposa•
been and * —you've been and done it now! — ¡buena la has hecho! *
that dog of yours has been and dug up my flowers! — ¡tu perro ha ido y me ha destrozado las flores!
•
you're busy enough as it is — estás bastante ocupado ya con lo que tienes, ya tienes suficiente trabajo•
if it hadn't been for..., if it hadn't been for you or frm had it not been for you, we would have lost — si no hubiera sido por ti or de no haber sido por ti, habríamos perdido•
let me be! — ¡déjame en paz!•
if that's what you want to do, then so be it — si eso es lo que quieres hacer, adelante•
what is it to you? * — ¿a ti qué te importa?2. AUXILIARY VERB1) (forming passive) serThe passive is not used as often in Spanish as in English, active and reflexive constructions often being preferred:it is said that... — dicen que..., se dice que...
she was killed in a car crash — murió en un accidente de coche, resultó muerta en un accidente de coche frm
what's to be done? — ¿qué hay que hacer?
•
it's a film not to be missed — es una película que no hay que perderse•
we searched everywhere for him, but he was nowhere to be seen — lo buscamos por todas partes pero no lo encontramos en ningún sitio2) (forming continuous) estarUse the present simple to talk about planned future events and the construction to talk about intention:what are you doing? — ¿qué estás haciendo?, ¿qué haces?
"it's a pity you aren't coming with us" - "but I am coming!" — -¡qué pena que no vengas con nosotros! -¡sí que voy!
will you be seeing her tomorrow? — ¿la verás or la vas a ver mañana?
will you be needing more? — ¿vas a necesitar más?
The imperfect tense can be used for continuous action in the past: for, sinceI'll be seeing you — hasta luego, nos vemos (esp LAm)
a)"he's going to complain about you" - "oh, is he?" — -va a quejarse de ti -¿ah, sí?
"I'm worried" - "so am I" — -estoy preocupado -yo también
"I'm not ready" - "neither am I" — -no estoy listo -yo tampoco
"you're tired" - "no, I'm not" — -estás cansado -no, ¡qué va!
"you're not eating enough" - "yes I am" — -no comes lo suficiente -que sí
"they're getting married" - "oh, are they?" — (showing surprise) -se casan -¿ah, sí? or -¡no me digas!
"he isn't very happy" - "oh, isn't he?" — -no está muy contento -¿ah, no?
"he's always late, isn't he?" - "yes, he is" — -siempre llega tarde, ¿verdad? -(pues) sí
"is it what you expected?" - "no, it isn't" — -¿es esto lo que esperabas? -(pues) no
"she's pretty" - "no, she isn't" — -es guapa -¡qué va!
he's handsome, isn't he? — es guapo, ¿verdad?, es guapo, ¿no?, es guapo, ¿no es cierto?
it was fun, wasn't it? — fue divertido, ¿verdad?, fue divertido, ¿no?
she wasn't happy, was she? — no era feliz, ¿verdad?
so he's back again, is he? — así que ha vuelto, ¿eh?
you're not ill, are you? — ¿no estarás enfermo?
3. MODAL VERB(with infinitive construction)1) (=must, have to)he's not to open it — no debe abrirlo, que no lo abra
I am to do it — he de hacerlo yo, soy yo el que debe hacerlo
I wasn't to tell you his name — no podía or debía decirte su nombre
2) (=should) deberam I to understand that...? — ¿debo entender que...?
she wrote "My Life", not to be confused with Bernstein's book of the same name — escribió "Mi Vida", que no debe confundirse con la obra de Bernstein que lleva el mismo título
he was to have come yesterday — tenía que or debía haber venido ayer
3) (=will)4) (=can)if it was or were to snow... — si nevase or nevara...
BEif I were to leave the job, would you replace me? — si yo dejara el puesto, ¿me sustituirías?
"Ser" or "estar"?
You can use "ser": ► when defining or identifying by linking two nouns or noun phrases:
Paris is the capital of France París es la capital de Francia
He was the most hated man in the village Era el hombre más odiado del pueblo ► to describe essential or inherent characteristics (e.g. colour, material, nationality, race, shape, size {etc}):
His mother is German Su madre es alemana
She was blonde Era rubia ► with most impersonal expressions not involving past participles:
It is important to be on time Es importante llegar a tiempo
Está claro que is an exception:
It is obvious you don't understand Está claro que no lo entiendes ► when telling the time or talking about time or age:
It is ten o'clock Son las diez
It's very late. Let's go home Es muy tarde. Vamos a casa
He lived in the country when he was young Vivió en el campo cuando era joven ► to indicate possession or duty:
It's mine Es mío
This is your responsibility Este asunto es responsabilidad tuya ► with events in the sense of "take place":
The 1992 Olympic Games were in Barcelona Los Juegos Olímpicos de 1992 fueron en Barcelona
"Where is the exam?" - "It's in Room 1" "¿Dónde es el examen?" - "Es en el Aula Número 1" NOTE: Compare this usage with that of estar (see below) to talk about location of places, objects and people.
You can use "estar": ► to talk about location of places, objects and people:
"Where is Zaragoza?" - "It's in Spain" "¿Dónde está Zaragoza?" - "Está en España"
Your glasses are on the bedside table Tus gafas están en la mesilla de noche NOTE: But use ser with events in the sense of "take place" (see above)}. ► to talk about changeable state, condition or mood:
The teacher is ill La profesora está enferma
The coffee's cold El café está frío
How happy I am! ¡Qué contento estoy! NOTE: Feliz, however, which is seen as more permanent than contento, is used mainly with ser. ► to form progressive tenses:
We're having lunch. Is it ok if I call you later? Estamos comiendo. Te llamaré luego, ¿vale?
Both "ser" and "estar" can be used with past participles ► Use ser in {passive} constructions:
This play was written by Lorca Esta obra fue escrita por Lorca
He was shot dead (by a terrorist group) Fue asesinado a tiros (por un grupo terrorista) NOTE: The passive is not used as often in Spanish as it is in English. ► Use estar with past participles to describe the {results} of a previous action or event:
We threw them away because they were broken Los tiramos a la basura porque estaban rotos
He's dead Está muerto ► Compare the use of ser + ((past participle)) which describes {action} and estar + ((past participle)) which describes {result} in the following:
The window was broken by the firemen La ventana fue rota por los bomberos
The window was broken La ventana estaba rota
It was painted around 1925 Fue pintado hacia 1925
The floor is painted a dark colour El suelo está pintado de color oscuro ► Ser and estar are both used in impersonal expressions with past participles. As above, the use of ser implies {action} while the use of estar implies {result}:
It is understood that the work was never finished Es sabido que el trabajo nunca se llegó a terminar
It is a proven fact that vaccinations save many lives Está demostrado que las vacunas salvan muchas vidas
"Ser" and "estar" with adjectives ► Some adjectives can be used with both ser and estar but the meaning changes completely depending on the verb:
He's clever Es listo
Are you ready? ¿Estás listo?
Chemistry is boring La química es aburrida
I'm bored Estoy aburrido ► Other adjectives can also be used with both verbs but the use of ser describes a {characteristic} while the use of estar implies a {change}:
He's very handsome Es muy guapo
You look great in that dress! Estás muy guapa con ese vestido
He's slim Es delgado
You're (looking) very slim ¡Estás muy delgada! For further uses and examples, see main entry* * *[biːˌ] weak form [bi]
1.
2)a) (followed by an adjective)she's French/intelligent — es francesa/inteligente
he's worried/furious — está preocupado/furioso
he's blind — es or (Esp tb) está ciego
have you never had gazpacho? it's delicious! — ¿nunca has comido gazpacho? es delicioso!
the gazpacho is delicious, did you make it yourself? — el gazpacho está delicioso ¿lo hiciste tú?
she was very rude to me — estuvo or fue muy grosera conmigo
Tony is married/divorced/single — Tony está or (esp AmL) es casado/divorciado/soltero
to be married to somebody — estar* casado con alguien
3)a) (followed by a noun) ser*who was Prime Minister at the time? — ¿quién era Primer Ministro en ese momento?
it's me/Daniel — soy yo/es Daniel
if I were you, I'd stay — yo que tú or yo en tu lugar me quedaría
b) ( play the role of) hacer* de4)how are you? — ¿cómo estás?
I'm much better — estoy or me encuentro mucho mejor
she's pregnant/tired — está embarazada/cansada
I'm cold/hot/hungry/thirsty/sleepy — tengo frío/calor/hambre/sed/sueño
b) ( talking about age) tener*how old are you? — ¿cuántos años tienes?
he's a lot older/younger — es mucho mayor/menor
c) (giving cost, measurement, weight)how much is that? - that'll be $15, please — ¿cuánto es? - (son) 15 dólares, por favor
they are $15 each — cuestan or valen 15 dólares cada una
how tall/heavy is he? — ¿cuánto mide/pesa?
5)a) (exist, live)I think, therefore I am — pienso, luego existo
to let something/somebody be — dejar tranquilo or en paz algo/a alguien
b) ( in expressions of time)don't be too long — no tardes mucho, no (te) demores mucho (esp AmL)
I'm drying my hair, I won't be long — me estoy secando el pelo, enseguida estoy
how long will dinner be? — ¿cuánto falta para la cena?
c) ( take place) ser*6) (be situated, present) estar*where is the library? — ¿dónde está or queda la biblioteca?
where are you? — ¿dónde estás?
what's in that box? — ¿qué hay en esa caja?
who's in the movie? — ¿quién actúa or trabaja en la película?
how long are you in Chicago (for)? — (colloq) ¿cuánto (tiempo) te vas a quedar en Chicago ?
7) (only in perfect tenses) ( visit) estar*have you been to the exhibition yet? — ¿ya has estado en or has ido a la exposición?
2.
v impers1)a) (talking about physical conditions, circumstances)it's sunny/cold/hot — hace sol/frío/calor
it's so noisy/quiet in here! — qué ruido/silencio hay aquí!
I have enough problems as it is, without you... — yo ya tengo suficientes problemas sin que tú encima...
b) ( in expressions of time) ser*hi, Joe, it's been a long time — qué tal, Joe, tanto tiempo (sin verte)
c) ( talking about distance) estar*it's 500 miles from here to Detroit — Detroit queda or está a 500 millas de aquí
2)a) (introducing person, object) ser*it was me who told them — fui yo quien se lo dije or dijo, fui yo el que se lo dije or dijo
b) (in conditional use) ser*if it hadn't been o had it not been for Juan, we would have been killed — si no hubiera sido por Juan or de no ser por Juan, nos habríamos matado
3.
v aux1) to be -inga) ( used to describe action in progress) estar* + gerwhat was I saying? — ¿qué estaba diciendo?
she was leaving when... — se iba cuando...
how long have you been waiting? — ¿cuánto (tiempo) hace que esperas?, ¿cuánto (tiempo) llevas esperando?
b) ( with future reference)he is o will be arriving tomorrow — llega mañana
when are you seeing her? — ¿cuándo la vas a ver or la verás?
2) (in the passive voice) ser* [The passive voice, however, is less common in Spanish than it is in English]it was built in 1903 — fue construido en 1903, se construyó en 1903, lo construyeron en 1903
she was told that... — le dijeron or se le dijo que...
it is known that... — se sabe que...
3) to be to + infa) ( with future reference)if a solution is to be found... — si se quiere encontrar or si se ha de encontrar una solución...
b) ( expressing possibility)what are we to do? — ¿qué podemos hacer?
c) ( expressing obligation) deber* + inf, tener* que + inf, haber* de + inftell her she's to stay here — dile que debe quedarse or tiene que quedarse aquí, dile que se quede aquí
am I to understand that... ? — ¿debo entender que... ?
4) ( in hypotheses)what would happen if she were o was to die? — ¿qué pasaría si ella muriera?
5)she's right, isn't she? — tiene razón, ¿no? or ¿verdad? or ¿no es cierto?
so that's what you think, is it? — de manera que eso es lo que piensas
are you disappointed? - yes, I am/no, I'm not — ¿estás desilusionado? - sí (, lo estoy)/no (, no lo estoy)
she was told the news, and so was he/but I wasn't — a ella le dieron la noticia, y también a él/pero a mí no
I'm surprised, are/aren't you? — estoy sorprendido, ¿y tú?/¿tú no?
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12 streak
stri:k
1. noun1) (a long, irregular mark or stripe: There was a streak of blood on her cheek; a streak of lightning.) raya, veta, filón2) (a trace of some quality in a person's character etc: She has a streak of selfishness.) vena
2. verb1) (to mark with streaks: Her dark hair was streaked with grey; The child's face was streaked with tears.) rayar, surcar2) (to move very fast: The runner streaked round the racetrack.) pasar como un rayo•- streakytr[striːk]1 (line - gen) raya, lista; (- in mineral) veta, filón nombre masculino, vena; (- in hair) mecha; (- in meat) veta, nervio2 (element of genius, madness, etc) vena■ mean streak lado mezquino, vena mezquina3 (period) racha1 (mark with streaks) rayar, surcar ( with, de)1 (move fast) pasar como un rayo2 (run naked) correr desnudo,-a por un lugar público\SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALLstreak of lightning rayo, relámpagostreak ['stri:k] vt: hacer rayas enblue streaked with grey: azul veteado con grisstreak vi: ir como una flechastreak n1) : raya f, veta f (en mármol, queso, etc.), mechón m (en el pelo)2) : rayo m (de luz)3) trace: veta f4) : racha fa streak of luck: una racha de suerten.• hilada s.f.• racha s.f.• raya s.f.• rayo de luz s.m.• reguero s.m.• ribete s.m.• vena s.f.n.• abigarrar v.v.• jaspear v.• listar v.• pasar como un rayo v.• rayar v.• surcar v.striːk
I
1)a) (line, band) lista f, raya f; ( in hair) reflejo m, mechón m; (in meat, marble) veta f; ( of ore) veta f, filón mb) ( in personality) veta f2) ( spell) racha fto have o be on a winning/losing streak — tener* una buena/mala racha
II
1.
1) ( move rapidly) (+ adv compl)she streaked into the lead — rápida como un rayo, se colocó a la cabeza
2) ( run naked) (colloq) hacer* streaking ( correr desnudo en un lugar público)
2.
streak vtshe's had her hair streaked — se ha hecho mechones or reflejos or (RPl) claritos or (Méx) luces or (Chi) visos (en el pelo)
[striːk]to be streaked WITH something: his clothes were streaked with paint llevaba la ropa manchada or (AmL tb) chorreada de pintura; her hair is streaked with gray — tiene el cabello entrecano
1. N2) (fig) [of madness etc] vena f ; [of luck] racha f2.3. VI1) (=rush)to streak in/out/past — entrar/salir/pasar como un rayo
2) * (=run naked) correr desnudo* * *[striːk]
I
1)a) (line, band) lista f, raya f; ( in hair) reflejo m, mechón m; (in meat, marble) veta f; ( of ore) veta f, filón mb) ( in personality) veta f2) ( spell) racha fto have o be on a winning/losing streak — tener* una buena/mala racha
II
1.
1) ( move rapidly) (+ adv compl)she streaked into the lead — rápida como un rayo, se colocó a la cabeza
2) ( run naked) (colloq) hacer* streaking ( correr desnudo en un lugar público)
2.
streak vtshe's had her hair streaked — se ha hecho mechones or reflejos or (RPl) claritos or (Méx) luces or (Chi) visos (en el pelo)
to be streaked WITH something: his clothes were streaked with paint llevaba la ropa manchada or (AmL tb) chorreada de pintura; her hair is streaked with gray — tiene el cabello entrecano
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13 grow
∎ orange trees grow best in a warm climate les orangers poussent mieux en climat chaud;∎ she let her hair grow (long) elle a laissé pousser ses cheveux, elle s'est laissé pousser les cheveux;∎ money doesn't grow on trees l'argent ne pousse pas sur les arbres(b) (person → in age, height) grandir;∎ hasn't he grown! qu'est-ce qu'il a grandi!;∎ she has grown two inches ≃ elle a grandi de 5 cm∎ to grow in wisdom/understanding devenir plus sage/compréhensif∎ this custom grew from or out of a pagan ceremony cette coutume est née d'une ou a pour origine une cérémonie païenne(e) (increase) s'accroître, augmenter;∎ the crime rate in the big cities is growing le taux de criminalité augmente dans les grandes villes;∎ the economy has grown by 5 percent in the last two years la croissance de l'économie a été de 5 pour cent au cours des deux dernières années;∎ support for the strike is growing la grève est de plus en plus soutenue;∎ our love/friendship grew over the years notre amour/amitié a grandi au fil des ans;∎ he has grown in my esteem il a grandi ou est monté dans mon estime;∎ the town grew in importance la ville a gagné en importance∎ to grow angry se mettre en colère;∎ to grow bigger grandir, s'agrandir;∎ it's beginning to grow dark il commence à faire nuit;∎ to grow old devenir vieux, vieillir∎ to grow to like/to dislike sb/sth finir par aimer/détester qn/qch(a) (crops, plants) cultiver(b) (beard, hair) laisser pousser;∎ he's trying to grow a beard il essaie de se laisser pousser la barbe;∎ she's growing her hair (long) elle se laisse pousser les cheveux∎ to grow the business augmenter le chiffre d'affaires►► grow bag = sac plastique rempli d'engrais dans lequel on fait pousser une plante(people) s'éloigner;∎ we gradually grew apart as we got older nous nous sommes progressivement éloignés l'un de l'autre en vieillissant∎ they began to grow away from each other ils ont commencé à s'éloigner l'un de l'autre(hair, nail, plant) repousser∎ both her sons grew into fine-looking men ses deux fils sont devenus de beaux jeunes gens;∎ the company grew into a huge organization l'entreprise est devenue une énorme société∎ the sweater's too big for him, but he'll grow into it le pull est trop grand pour lui, mais il pourra le mettre un jour;∎ he'll soon grow into those shoes il pourra bientôt mettre ces chaussures, bientôt ces chaussures lui iront∎ to grow into a job s'habituer à ou s'adapter à un travailplaire de plus en plus à;∎ the song began to grow on him after a while au bout d'un certain temps, la chanson commença à lui plaire de plus en plus;∎ it grows on you on y prend goût;∎ the idea was beginning to grow on me l'idée commençait à me séduire∎ her hair or hairstyle has grown out ses cheveux sont maintenant trop longs pour son genre de coiffure;∎ she let the dye grow out elle a laissé pousser ses cheveux jusqu'à ce que les traces de teinture aient disparu∎ he's grown out of most of his clothes la plupart de ses vêtements ne lui vont plus, il ne rentre plus dans la plupart de ses vêtements∎ to grow out of doing sth passer l'âge de faire qch;∎ she grew out of her dolls elle a passé l'âge de jouer à la poupée;∎ it's just a phase, he'll grow out of it ce n'est qu'une tocade, ça lui passera;∎ to grow out of one's friends ne plus avoir grand-chose en commun avec ses amis;∎ he never grew out of (the habit of) biting his nails il n'a jamais perdu cette habitude de se ronger les ongles(a) (become adult) grandir, devenir adulte;∎ what do you want to be when you grow up? que veux-tu faire quand tu seras grand?;∎ we didn't have television when I was growing up nous n'avions pas la télévision quand j'étais petit;∎ I hope he won't grow up to be a liar/thief j'espère qu'il ne sera pas un menteur/voleur plus tard∎ grow up! sois un peu adulte!;∎ I wish you'd grow up! j'aimerais bien que tu cesses tes gamineries!∎ a strong feeling of hatred grew up between them un puissant sentiment de haine est né entre eux;∎ a legend grew up around these events une légende s'est développée autour de ces événements;∎ the town grew up around the castle la ville s'est développée autour du château -
14 BE
'bi: ɡi:( abbreviation) (Bachelor of Engineering; first degree in Engineering.) licenciatura en Ingenieríabe vb1. serwhat time is it? It's 3 o'clock ¿qué hora es? Son las treswho is it? It's me ¿quién es? Soy yo2. estarhow are you? I'm fine ¿cómo estás? estoy bienwhere is Pauline? ¿dónde está Pauline?how far is it? ¿a qué distancia está?what day is it today? ¿qué día es hoy? / ¿a qué día estamos?3. tenerhow old are you? I'm 16 ¿cuántos años tienes? tengo 16 años4. costar / valer / serhow much is it? ¿cuánto cuesta? / ¿cuánto vale? / ¿cuánto es?the tickets are £15 each las entradas valen 15 libras cada una5. hacer6. haberhow many children are there? ¿cuántos niños hay?Se usa también para construir el tiempo verbal llamado present continuous que indica una acción que está pasando en estos momentoswhat are you doing? ¿qué estás haciendo? / ¿qué haces?look, it's snowing mira, está nevando
be sustantivo femenino: name of the letter b, often called be largaor grande to distinguish it from v 'be' also found in these entries: Spanish: A - abasto - abate - abismo - abotargarse - abreviar - abrirse - absoluta - absoluto - abultar - abundar - aburrir - aburrirse - acabose - acariciar - acaso - acertar - achantarse - acometer - acostada - acostado - acostumbrar - acostumbrada - acostumbrado - acreditar - activa - activo - adelantar - adelantarse - adentro - adivinarse - admirarse - adolecer - aferrarse - afianzarse - aficionada - aficionado - afligirse - agonizar - agotarse - agradecer - agua - ahogarse - ahora - aire - ajo - ala - alarmarse - alcanzar - alegrarse English: aback - abate - about - absent - accordance - account for - accountable - accustom - acquaint - action - addicted - address - adequate - adjust - admit - affiliated - afford - afraid - agenda - agree - agreement - ahead - air - airsick - alert - alive - alone - along - aloof - alphabetically - always - am - ambition - amenable - amusing - anathema - annoyance - anomaly - anxious - apologetic - appal - appall - are - arm - around - arrears - as - ashamed - aspire - assertbetr[biː]intransitive verb (pres 1ª pers am, 2ª pers sing y todas del pl are, 3ª pers sing is; pt 1ª y 3ª pers sing was, 2ª pers sing y todas del pl; pp been)2 (essential quality) ser3 (nationality) ser4 (occupation) ser5 (origin) ser6 (ownership) ser7 (authorship) ser8 (composition) ser9 (use) ser10 (location) estar11 (temporary state) estar■ how are you? ¿cómo estás?12 (age) tener13 (price) costar, valer■ a single ticket is £9.50 un billete de ida cuesta £9.5014 tener■ he's hot/cold tiene calor/frío■ we're hungry/thirsty tenemos hambre/sed1 (passive) ser■ she was arrested at the border fue detenida en la frontera, la detuvieron en la frontera■ he's hated by everybody es odiado por todos, todos lo odian■ he was discharged fue dado de alta, lo dieron de alta■ the house has been sold la casa ha sido vendida, la casa se ha vendido, han vendido la casa■ thirty children were injured treinta niños fueron heridos, treinta niños resultaron heridos■ the two areas of the town are divided by a wall las dos zonas de la ciudad están divididas por un muro1 (obligation) deber, tener que1 (future)phrase there is / there are1 hay■ is there much traffic ¿hay mucho tráfico?1 había■ were there many people? ¿había mucha gente?1 habrá1 habría■ if Mike came, there would be ten of us si viniera Mike, seríamos diez\SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALLto be about to «+ inf» estar para + inf, estar a punto de + infto be or not to be ser o no serbe ['bi:] v, was ['wəz, 'wɑz] ; were ['wər] ; been ['bɪn] ; being ; am ['æm] ; is ['ɪz] ; are ['ɑr] viJosé is a doctor: José es doctorI'm Ana's sister: soy la hermana de Anathe tree is tall: el árbol es altoyou're silly!: ¡eres tonto!she's from Managua: es de Managuait's mine: es míomy mother is at home: mi madre está en casathe cups are on the table: las tazas están en la mesato be or not to be: ser, o no serI think, therefore I am: pienso, luego existohow are you?: ¿cómo estás?I'm cold: tengo fríoshe's 10 years old: tiene 10 añosthey're both sick: están enfermos los dosbe v impersit's eight o'clock: son las ochoit's Friday: hoy es viernesit's sunny: hace solit's very dark outside: está bien oscuro afuerabe v auxwhat are you doing? -I'm working: ¿qué haces? -estoy trabajandoit was finished yesterday: fue acabado ayer, se acabó ayerit was cooked in the oven: se cocinó en el hornocan she be trusted?: ¿se puede confiar en ella?you are to stay here: debes quedarte aquíhe was to come yesterday: se esperaba que viniese ayerbev.(§ p.,p.p.: was, were, been) = estar v.(§pres: estoy, estás...) pret: estuv-•)• ser v.(§pres: soy, eres, es, somos, sois, son) subj: se-imp: er-fu-•)biːˌ weak form bi
1.
2)a) (followed by an adjective)she's French/intelligent — es francesa/inteligente
he's worried/furious — está preocupado/furioso
he's blind — es or (Esp tb) está ciego
have you never had gazpacho? it's delicious! — ¿nunca has comido gazpacho? es delicioso!
the gazpacho is delicious, did you make it yourself? — el gazpacho está delicioso ¿lo hiciste tú?
she was very rude to me — estuvo or fue muy grosera conmigo
Tony is married/divorced/single — Tony está or (esp AmL) es casado/divorciado/soltero
to be married to somebody — estar* casado con alguien
3)a) (followed by a noun) ser*who was Prime Minister at the time? — ¿quién era Primer Ministro en ese momento?
it's me/Daniel — soy yo/es Daniel
if I were you, I'd stay — yo que tú or yo en tu lugar me quedaría
b) ( play the role of) hacer* de4)how are you? — ¿cómo estás?
I'm much better — estoy or me encuentro mucho mejor
she's pregnant/tired — está embarazada/cansada
I'm cold/hot/hungry/thirsty/sleepy — tengo frío/calor/hambre/sed/sueño
b) ( talking about age) tener*how old are you? — ¿cuántos años tienes?
he's a lot older/younger — es mucho mayor/menor
c) (giving cost, measurement, weight)how much is that? - that'll be $15, please — ¿cuánto es? - (son) 15 dólares, por favor
they are $15 each — cuestan or valen 15 dólares cada una
how tall/heavy is he? — ¿cuánto mide/pesa?
5)a) (exist, live)I think, therefore I am — pienso, luego existo
to let something/somebody be — dejar tranquilo or en paz algo/a alguien
b) ( in expressions of time)don't be too long — no tardes mucho, no (te) demores mucho (esp AmL)
I'm drying my hair, I won't be long — me estoy secando el pelo, enseguida estoy
how long will dinner be? — ¿cuánto falta para la cena?
c) ( take place) ser*6) (be situated, present) estar*where is the library? — ¿dónde está or queda la biblioteca?
where are you? — ¿dónde estás?
what's in that box? — ¿qué hay en esa caja?
who's in the movie? — ¿quién actúa or trabaja en la película?
how long are you in Chicago (for)? — (colloq) ¿cuánto (tiempo) te vas a quedar en Chicago ?
7) (only in perfect tenses) ( visit) estar*have you been to the exhibition yet? — ¿ya has estado en or has ido a la exposición?
2.
v impers1)a) (talking about physical conditions, circumstances)it's sunny/cold/hot — hace sol/frío/calor
it's so noisy/quiet in here! — qué ruido/silencio hay aquí!
I have enough problems as it is, without you... — yo ya tengo suficientes problemas sin que tú encima...
b) ( in expressions of time) ser*hi, Joe, it's been a long time — qué tal, Joe, tanto tiempo (sin verte)
c) ( talking about distance) estar*it's 500 miles from here to Detroit — Detroit queda or está a 500 millas de aquí
2)a) (introducing person, object) ser*it was me who told them — fui yo quien se lo dije or dijo, fui yo el que se lo dije or dijo
b) (in conditional use) ser*if it hadn't been o had it not been for Juan, we would have been killed — si no hubiera sido por Juan or de no ser por Juan, nos habríamos matado
3.
v aux1) to be -inga) ( used to describe action in progress) estar* + gerwhat was I saying? — ¿qué estaba diciendo?
she was leaving when... — se iba cuando...
how long have you been waiting? — ¿cuánto (tiempo) hace que esperas?, ¿cuánto (tiempo) llevas esperando?
b) ( with future reference)he is o will be arriving tomorrow — llega mañana
when are you seeing her? — ¿cuándo la vas a ver or la verás?
2) (in the passive voice) ser* [The passive voice, however, is less common in Spanish than it is in English]it was built in 1903 — fue construido en 1903, se construyó en 1903, lo construyeron en 1903
she was told that... — le dijeron or se le dijo que...
it is known that... — se sabe que...
3) to be to + infa) ( with future reference)if a solution is to be found... — si se quiere encontrar or si se ha de encontrar una solución...
b) ( expressing possibility)what are we to do? — ¿qué podemos hacer?
c) ( expressing obligation) deber* + inf, tener* que + inf, haber* de + inftell her she's to stay here — dile que debe quedarse or tiene que quedarse aquí, dile que se quede aquí
am I to understand that... ? — ¿debo entender que... ?
4) ( in hypotheses)what would happen if she were o was to die? — ¿qué pasaría si ella muriera?
5)she's right, isn't she? — tiene razón, ¿no? or ¿verdad? or ¿no es cierto?
so that's what you think, is it? — de manera que eso es lo que piensas
are you disappointed? - yes, I am/no, I'm not — ¿estás desilusionado? - sí (, lo estoy)/no (, no lo estoy)
she was told the news, and so was he/but I wasn't — a ella le dieron la noticia, y también a él/pero a mí no
I'm surprised, are/aren't you? — estoy sorprendido, ¿y tú?/¿tú no?
N ABBR(Econ) = bill of exchange L/C* * *[biːˌ] weak form [bi]
1.
2)a) (followed by an adjective)she's French/intelligent — es francesa/inteligente
he's worried/furious — está preocupado/furioso
he's blind — es or (Esp tb) está ciego
have you never had gazpacho? it's delicious! — ¿nunca has comido gazpacho? es delicioso!
the gazpacho is delicious, did you make it yourself? — el gazpacho está delicioso ¿lo hiciste tú?
she was very rude to me — estuvo or fue muy grosera conmigo
Tony is married/divorced/single — Tony está or (esp AmL) es casado/divorciado/soltero
to be married to somebody — estar* casado con alguien
3)a) (followed by a noun) ser*who was Prime Minister at the time? — ¿quién era Primer Ministro en ese momento?
it's me/Daniel — soy yo/es Daniel
if I were you, I'd stay — yo que tú or yo en tu lugar me quedaría
b) ( play the role of) hacer* de4)how are you? — ¿cómo estás?
I'm much better — estoy or me encuentro mucho mejor
she's pregnant/tired — está embarazada/cansada
I'm cold/hot/hungry/thirsty/sleepy — tengo frío/calor/hambre/sed/sueño
b) ( talking about age) tener*how old are you? — ¿cuántos años tienes?
he's a lot older/younger — es mucho mayor/menor
c) (giving cost, measurement, weight)how much is that? - that'll be $15, please — ¿cuánto es? - (son) 15 dólares, por favor
they are $15 each — cuestan or valen 15 dólares cada una
how tall/heavy is he? — ¿cuánto mide/pesa?
5)a) (exist, live)I think, therefore I am — pienso, luego existo
to let something/somebody be — dejar tranquilo or en paz algo/a alguien
b) ( in expressions of time)don't be too long — no tardes mucho, no (te) demores mucho (esp AmL)
I'm drying my hair, I won't be long — me estoy secando el pelo, enseguida estoy
how long will dinner be? — ¿cuánto falta para la cena?
c) ( take place) ser*6) (be situated, present) estar*where is the library? — ¿dónde está or queda la biblioteca?
where are you? — ¿dónde estás?
what's in that box? — ¿qué hay en esa caja?
who's in the movie? — ¿quién actúa or trabaja en la película?
how long are you in Chicago (for)? — (colloq) ¿cuánto (tiempo) te vas a quedar en Chicago ?
7) (only in perfect tenses) ( visit) estar*have you been to the exhibition yet? — ¿ya has estado en or has ido a la exposición?
2.
v impers1)a) (talking about physical conditions, circumstances)it's sunny/cold/hot — hace sol/frío/calor
it's so noisy/quiet in here! — qué ruido/silencio hay aquí!
I have enough problems as it is, without you... — yo ya tengo suficientes problemas sin que tú encima...
b) ( in expressions of time) ser*hi, Joe, it's been a long time — qué tal, Joe, tanto tiempo (sin verte)
c) ( talking about distance) estar*it's 500 miles from here to Detroit — Detroit queda or está a 500 millas de aquí
2)a) (introducing person, object) ser*it was me who told them — fui yo quien se lo dije or dijo, fui yo el que se lo dije or dijo
b) (in conditional use) ser*if it hadn't been o had it not been for Juan, we would have been killed — si no hubiera sido por Juan or de no ser por Juan, nos habríamos matado
3.
v aux1) to be -inga) ( used to describe action in progress) estar* + gerwhat was I saying? — ¿qué estaba diciendo?
she was leaving when... — se iba cuando...
how long have you been waiting? — ¿cuánto (tiempo) hace que esperas?, ¿cuánto (tiempo) llevas esperando?
b) ( with future reference)he is o will be arriving tomorrow — llega mañana
when are you seeing her? — ¿cuándo la vas a ver or la verás?
2) (in the passive voice) ser* [The passive voice, however, is less common in Spanish than it is in English]it was built in 1903 — fue construido en 1903, se construyó en 1903, lo construyeron en 1903
she was told that... — le dijeron or se le dijo que...
it is known that... — se sabe que...
3) to be to + infa) ( with future reference)if a solution is to be found... — si se quiere encontrar or si se ha de encontrar una solución...
b) ( expressing possibility)what are we to do? — ¿qué podemos hacer?
c) ( expressing obligation) deber* + inf, tener* que + inf, haber* de + inftell her she's to stay here — dile que debe quedarse or tiene que quedarse aquí, dile que se quede aquí
am I to understand that... ? — ¿debo entender que... ?
4) ( in hypotheses)what would happen if she were o was to die? — ¿qué pasaría si ella muriera?
5)she's right, isn't she? — tiene razón, ¿no? or ¿verdad? or ¿no es cierto?
so that's what you think, is it? — de manera que eso es lo que piensas
are you disappointed? - yes, I am/no, I'm not — ¿estás desilusionado? - sí (, lo estoy)/no (, no lo estoy)
she was told the news, and so was he/but I wasn't — a ella le dieron la noticia, y también a él/pero a mí no
I'm surprised, are/aren't you? — estoy sorprendido, ¿y tú?/¿tú no?
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15 turn
1. I1) we all turned мы все повернулись [кругом]; he turned and went away in a rage он повернулся и в гневе пошел прочь; it is time for us to turn нам пора повернуть назад /пойти обратно/; he did not know which way /where/ то turn a) он не знал, куда повернуться; б) он не знал, к кому обратиться; the river turns and twists речка извивается /петляет/; the tide has turned начинается отлив или прилив; the wind is turning ветер меняется /меняет направление/; the weather has turned погода изменилась; I fear my luck will turn боюсь, мне изменит счастье /мне перестанет везти/2) the wheels turned колеса вертелись; the ball turns крутится шар; the merry-go-round turned карусель вертелась /вращалась/; this key is hard to turn этот ключ трудно повернуть; the tap won't turn кран не поворачивается3) my head is turning у меня кружится голова; heights always make his head turn высота всегда вызывает у него головокружение4) the leaves are beginning to turn листья начинают желтеть; her hair has begun to turn она начала седеть5) the milk has turned молоко прокисло6) the edge of the knife had turned лезвие ножа затупилось2. II1) turn in some manner turn abruptly (reluctantly, instinctively, wearily, insolently, etc.) резко и т.д. повернуть (ся) или свернуть; somewhere turn this way (that way, left, around, etc.) повернуть(ся) в эту сторону и т.д.; the main road turns sharp right шоссе круто уходит направо; turn homewards (west, etc.) направляться домой и т.д.; let's turn back давайте вернемся [назад]; she turned aside and began to sob она отвернулась и начала всхлипывать; turn round and let me see your face повернись и дай мне посмотреть тебе в лице; he turned round and round он все время поворачивался /крутился/; turn at tome time it is time to turn now теперь нам пора возвращаться /поворачивать назад/2) turn in some manner the boat (the car, the cart, etc.) turned over лодка и т.д. перевернулась; the aircraft struck the ground and turned over and over самолет врезался в землю и несколько раз перевернулся; turn head over heels перекувырнуться; the boat turned upside down лодка перевернулась /опрокинулась вверх дном/; my umbrella (my pocket, etc.) turned inside out у меня вывернулся зонтик и т.д.; the whole world turned topsy-turvy весь мир перевернулся, все в мире перевернулось3) turn in some manner the key (the handle, the tap, etc.) turns easily ключ и т.д. легко поворачивается4) turn in some manner the dancer turned quickly (awkwardly, gracefully. etc.) танцовщица быстро и т.д. кружилась5) turn in some manner the metal (the wood, this material, etc.) turns well (easily, quickly, etc.) этот металл и т.д. хорошо и т.д. поддается обточке3. III1) turn smb., smth. turn one's horse (one's car, the carriage, etc.) повернуть лошадь и т.д. обратно /назад/; she turned her steps она повернула назад; turn one's head обернуться, повернуть голову; turn the course of a river (the tide of events, etc.) изменить течение реки и т.д.; turn the conversation изменить тему разговора, повернуть беседу в другое русло; turn the corner а) поворачивать за угол; the саг turned the corner машина завернула за угол; б) выходить из затруднительного положения; once he has made up his mind, nothing will turn him если он что-нибудь решил, ничто не заставит его изменить своего решения2) turn smth. turn a page of a book (pancakes, an omelette, etc.) переворачивать страницу книги и т.д.; turn hay ворошить сено; turn soil пахать; turn a bed перетряхивать постель; turn a sheet отогнуть простыню; turn a garment (a dress, a suit, a coat, a cape, a collar, etc.) перелицовывать одежду и т.д.; turn a complete circle (a half-circle, 16 points, etc.) делать полный оборот и т.д.; turn a somersault делать сальто, кувыркаться || turn one's ankle вывихнуть /подвернуть/ ногу; turn smb.'s brain сводить кого-л. с ума; grief (overwork, etc.) has turned his brain от горя и т.д. он сошел с ума3) turn smth. turn a wheel вращать колесо; turn a handle крутить ручку; turn a key (the cap of a jar, the tap, the doorknob, etc.) поворачивать ключ и т.д.4) || turn smb.'s head вскружить кому-л. голову; success had not turned his head от успеха голова у него не закружилась; turn smb.'s stomach вызывать у кого-л. тошноту; the mere sight of food turns his stomach его воротит /мутит, тошнит/ от одного вида пищи; I'm afraid the rolling of the ship will turn my stomach боюсь, что качка на корабле вызовет у меня тошноту5) turn smb. turn an excellent husband (a soldier, a schoolmaster, a reporter, a poet, a Christian, etc.) стать [со временем] прекрасным мужем и т.д.; turn traitor (informer, etc.) стать предателем и т.д.6) || turn some colour стать какого-л. цвета, принять какую-л. окраску; turn all the colours of the rainbow окраситься во все цвета радуги; he turned colour он покраснел или побледнел7) turn smth. turn milk (cream) сквашивать молоко (сливки); heat has turned the milk от жары молоко скисло8) turn some age he has turned 40 ему стукнуло сорок9) turn smth. turn a blow отводить удар; the metal is thick enough to turn a bullet металл достаточно прочен, чтобы пуля от него отскочила /его не пробила/10) turn smth. turn candlesticks (wooden vessels, brass, lead pipes, columns, etc.) вытачивать /обтачивать/ подсвечники и т.д.11) turn smth. turn an epigram (a couplet, a witty reply, etc.) сочинить эпиграмму и т.д.; turn a pretty compliment сделать тонкий комплимент; he has a knack for turning a phrase он очень ловко жонглирует словами; I don't know how he managed to turn the trick я не знаю, как ему удалось провернуть это дельце12) turn smth. turn the edge of a knife (the edge of an axe, etc.) затупить лезвие ножа и т.д.4. IV1) turn smth., smb. somewhere turn one's саг (the horse, the carriage, one's steps, etc.) back (homewards, northwards, etc.) повернуть машину и т.д. назад и т.д.; turn your eyes /your look/ this way посмотри сюда; turn smth. in some manner turn your chair so that the light is on your left поверните стул так, чтобы свет падал слева; turn the corner at full speed поворачивать за угол на полном ходу2) turn smth., smb. in some manner turn the pages of a book (of a magazine, etc.) thoughtlessly (absent-mindedly, idly, quickly, etc.) бездумно и т.д. переворачивать страницы книги /перелистывать книгу/ и т.Л; turn some old letters nostalgically с грустью перебирать старью письма; turn a patient (a body, etc,) easily легко перевернуть больного и т.д.; the doctor turned him over and looked at his back врач перевернул его и осмотрел его спину; turn the boy around, I want to sound him поверий мальчика, я его выслушаю; turn the handle three times (the tap one notch, etc.) повернуть ручку три раза и т.д.; turn one's pockets (a coat, one's glove, etc.) inside out выворачивать карманы и т.д. [наизнанку]; turn the boat (the pail, etc.) upside down опрокидывать лодку и т.д. вверх дном; don't turn this box upside down этот ящик нельзя кантовать; turn a room upside down перевернуть все в комнате вверх дном || turn one's ankle unexpectedly (suddenly, etc.) неожиданно и т.д. подвернуть ногу; I turned my ankle painfully я подвернул ногу и мне очень больно3) turn smth. in some manner you are turning my words around ты передергиваешь мои слова4) turn some age at some time she has not yet turned 40 ей еще нет сорока; his son just turned 4 его сыну как раз исполнилось четыре года; it has just turned two сейчас ровно два часа5) turn smth. somewhere turn aside a blow отвести удар6) turn smth. at some time I could turn a Latin verse in my day в свое время я писал стихи на латыни5. VIturn smth., smb. into some [other] state1) turn the light low уменьшить свет; the lamp low подвернуть лампу; fear turned him cowardly страх сделал его трусом; what turned the milk bad /sour/? от чего скисло молоко; his behaviour turns me sick от его поведения меня всего переворачивает2) turn a bird (prisoners, the animals, an arrow, etc.) loose выпустить птичку и т.д. на свободу; why don't you turn them free? почему ты не отпустишь их?3) turn the leaves red (yellow, etc.) окрашивать листья багрянцем и т.д.; the very thought turned me pale одна мысль об этом заставила меня побледнеть, я побледнел при одной мысли об этом; illness (worry, etc.) turned his hair white /grey/ он поседел от болезни и т.д.; the success of others turns him green with envy он зеленеет от зависти, когда слышит об успехах других6. XI1) be turned out of some place be turned out of the country (out of the house, etc.) быть высланным /водворенным/ из страны и т.д.; he was turned out of the hall for making too much noise его вывели /выгнали/ из зала за то, что он очень шумел; be turned from smth. he was turned from the door его прогнали от дверей2) be turned to for smth. this book may be turned to for accurate information (for answers, for clues, etc,) в этой книге можно найти точные сведения и т.д.3) be turned the dress (the suit, etc.) must be turned платье и т.д. надо перелицевать4) be turned by smth. be turned by steam приводиться в движение паром; be turned by gas вращаться при помощи газа; the mill wheel is being turned by water-power (by electricity, etc.) мельничное колесо приводится в движение /вращается/ силой воды и т.д.5) be turned (in)to smth. the drawing-room (the nursery, etc.) was turned into a study гостиная и т.д. была превращена в кабинет, из гостиной и т.д. сделали кабинет; his love was turned to hatred его любовь перешла в ненависть; it was formerly thought that common metals could be turned into gold раньше думали, что обычные металлы можно превратить в золото7. XIIhave smth. turned have one's coat (one's dress, etc.) turned отдать пальто и т.д. в перелицовку8. XIIIturn to do smth. turn to look behind (to say smth., to pass the book to me, etc.) повернуться, чтобы посмотреть назад и т.д.9. XVturn into some state turn pale побледнеть: the leaves are beginning to turn yellow листья начинают желтеть; turn blue with cold посинеть от холода; turn green with envy позеленеть от зависти; her hair was said to have turned grey in one night говорили, что она поседела за одну ночь; this ink turns black on drying эти чернила становятся черными, когда высыхают; turn cold /colder/ холодать; the weather turned rainy (bad, stormy, etc.) погода стала дождливой и т.д.; whenever I come he turns sulky всегда, когда я прихожу, он начинает дуться; don't leave the milk on the table, it'll turn sour не оставляй молоко на столе, оно скиснет10. XVI1) turn to (off, towards, into, etc.) smth., smb. turn to the window (to the left, to the right, towards me, towards the sea, for home, etc.) повернуться к окну и т.Л; turn off the highway сворачивать с шоссе; the road turns to the north here здесь дорога уходит на север; the boat turned to windward лодка развернулась по ветру; he turned towards home он направился домой; turn into a wide road (into an alley, into the next street, etc.) свернуть на широкое шоссе и т.д.; they turned from the road into the woods они повернули с дороги в лес; turn at (in, on, etc.) smth. turn at the corner завернуть за угол, поворачивать на углу; turn in bed (in one's sleep, etc.) вертеться в постели и т.д.; the wheels won't turn in this mud в такой грязи колеса будут буксовать и не будут вращаться/; it's enough to make him turn in his grave он от этого в гробу перевернется; turn on one side while sleeping повернуться на бок во сне2) turn into smth. turn into a house (into the saloon at the corner, etc.) завернуть /заглянуть/ в дом и т.д.; turn into a town заехать в город3) turn to smth., smb. turn to the last page заглянуть на последнюю страницу; you'll find those figures if you turn to page 50 вы найдете эти цифры на странице/, если откроете страницу/ пятьдесят; my thoughts often turn to this subject мои мысли часто возвращаются к этой теме /к этому вопросу/; I shall now turn to another matter теперь я перейду к другому вопросу; I have no one to turn to мне не к кому обратиться; he is not the man you could turn to in these questions он не тот человек, к которому можно было бы обратиться с просьбой по таким вопросам; turn to smth., smb. for smth. turn to the dictionary for a word (to literature for reference, to a document for guidance, to his letter for consolation, etc.) обращаться к словари в поисках слова и т.Л; turn to his friend for help (to his mother for comfort, to his teacher for advice and guidance, to the police for protection, etc.) искать помощи у друга и т.д.; turn to the secretary for information (to his colleagues for support, etc.) обратиться к секретарю за справкой и т.д.; he turned to us for a loan он попросил нас дать ему взаймы денег4) turn to smth. turn to music (to the study of law, to medical practice, to journalism, to painting, to book-collecting, etc.) заняться музыкой и т.д.; turn to one's work приниматься /браться/ за работу; he is giving up the stage and turning to film work он бросает сцену и переходит на работу в кино; turn to drink начать пить; turn to crime заняться преступной деятельностью; the starling only turns to worms when there are no berries скворцы питаются червями только тогда, когда нет ягод5) turn on (round, etc.) smth. turn on an axle (on its axis, round the sun, etc.) вращаться на оси и т.д.; the door turns on its hinges дверь поворачивается на петлях; he turned on his heel and walked out of the room он круто повернулся и вышел из комнаты6) turn with smth. his head turns with giddiness у него кружится голова; his head has turned with success успех вскружил ему голову; the weathercock turns with the wind флюгер крутится по ветру; turn at smth. his stomach turns at the sight of blood (at the mere sight of food, etc.) у него поднимается тошнота при виде крови и т.д.7) turn (in)to smb., smth. turn into a butterfly (into a very pleasant fellow, into vinegar, into ice, etc.) превратиться в бабочку /стать бабочкой/ и т.д.; fog sometimes turns to snow (to rain) туман иногда переходит в снег (в дождь); the water has turned to ice вода превратилась в лед; the snow had turned (in)to slush снег превратился в слякоть; can a wolf turn into a lamb? разве может волк обернуться /стать/ овечкой?; my admiration soon turned to scorn мое восхищение скоро сменилось презрением; turn from smth. (in)to smth. the wind turned from west into south-west Южный ветер сменился юго-западным; the sphere has turned from blue to red шар из голубого стал красным; turn for smth. turn for the better (for the worse) (из)меняться к лучшему (к худшему)8) turn (up)on smth. everything (the whole argument, the outcome, the decision, etc.) turns on his answer (on that fact, on this point, etc.) все и т.д. зависит от его ответа и т.д.; the success of the trip turns on the weather успех поездки будет зависеть от погоды; everything turned upon the result of the battle все определялось исходом боя; the conversation turned (up)on sport (upon dress, upon hunting, on a variety of subjects, etc.).разговор вертелся вокруг /касался/ спорта и т.д.; the debate did not turn upon any practical propositions обсуждение не касалось никаких практических вопросов9) turn on (against) smb. the dog (the lion, the big.cat, etc.) turned on its trainer (on its owner, on its keeper, on its pursuers, etc.) собака и т.д. набросилась на своего дрессировщика и т.Л; even the most friendly dog may turn on you if you tease or annoy it даже самая добродушная собака может наброситься на человека, если ее раздразнить; why have you turned on me? что ты на меня взъелся?; what a fine excuse for turn logon me прекрасный повод, чтобы наброситься на меня; he turned angrily against his relatives (against his former friends, against his opponents, etc.) он яростно ополчился на своих родственников и т.А; the newspapers turned against the Parliament газеты начали кампанию против парламента; his words (his own criticism, etc.) turned against him его слова и т.д. обернулись против него самого10) turn from smb. he turned from his friends oil порвал со своими друзьями; он отвернулся от своих друзей; he turned from the Democrats and joined the Republicans он порвал с демократической партией в примкнул к республиканцам11. XXI11) turn smth., smb. to (towards, into, on, etc.) smth., smb. turn the саг to the bridge повернуть машину к месту, въехать на мост; turn one's car to the left (one's camera to the right, etc.) повернуть машину налево и т.д.; turn one's саг towards the centre of the town направиться [на машине] к центру города; turn one's horse to the hills погнать лошадь в горы; turn cows to pasture выгнать коров на пастбище; turn one's chair to the fire повернуть свое кресло к камину; plants turn blooms to the light растения поворачивают головки к свету; turn one's back to one's guests (to the audience, to the wall, etc.) повернуться /стать/ спиной к гостям и т.д.; turn the light into the dark room направить луч света в темную комнату; turn a telescope on a star (the searchlight on smb., etc.) направлять телескоп на звезду и т.д.; turn the talk into other channels перевести разговор на другую тему; turn one's eyes on the stage обратить или перевести взгляд на сцену; turn smth. with smth. he turned the blow with his arm он отвел удар рукой id turn a deaf ear to smb.'s request./to smb./ отказаться выслушать чью-л. просьбу, остаться глухим к чьей-л. просьбе2) turn smb. out of (from, etc.) smth. turn smb. out of his room (out of the house, out of a club, etc.) выгнать кого-л. из комнаты и т.д.; turn a beggar from one's door прогнать нищего от своих дверей3) turn smth. to smth., smb. turn one's thoughts (one's attention, one's mind) to one's work (to practical matters, to something more important, etc.) сосредоточить свои мысли и т.д. на работе и т.А; at last they turned their attention to her наконец они занялись ею; turn one's efforts to something more important направлять свои усилия на что-либо более важное4) turn smth. to smth. turn one's hand to useful work заняться полезным делом; he can turn his hand to almost anything он умеет делать почти все; he knows how to turn things to advantage /to account/ он знает, как из всего извлечь пользу; he turns even his errors to account даже из своих ошибок он извлекает пользу5) turn smth. on (in) smth. turn a wagon on its side опрокинуть телегу на бок; turn a chop in a pan перевернуть котлету на сковородке || turn one's ankle on the edge of the sidewalk вывихнуть ногу, споткнувшись о край тротуара6) turn smth. in smth. turn one's hat in one's hands (the toy in one's fingers, etc.) вертеть шляпу в руках и т.д.; turn the key in the lock поворачивать ключ в замке и т.д. id turn smb. round one's little finger вертеть кем-л. [как хочешь], помыкать кем-л.7) turn smth. (in)to smth. turn water into ice (defeat into victory, love to hatred, tears into laughter, etc.) превращать воду в лед и т.д.; turn a theatre into a cinema (a garden into a tennis-court, etc.) переделать /перестроить/ театр в кинозал и т.д.; turn one's land into money (one's bonds into cash, their stock into cash, etc.) обратить землю в деньги и т.д.; turn coins into paper money поменять звонкую монету на бумажные деньги; turn this piece of prose into verse переложить этот прозаический отрывок на стихи; turn this passage into Greek (a German letter into French, Latin into English, etc.) перевести этот отрывок на греческий язык и т.д.; turn smb. (in)to smb. turn her into a cinema star (the boy into a friend, our soldiers into a police force, etc.) сделать из нее кинозвезду и т.д.; turn a pessimist into an optimist превращать пессимиста в оптимиста; the fairy turned the prince into a frog фея превратила принца в лягушку id turn swords into ploughshares перековать мечи на орала8) turn smb., smth., against smb. turn the children against their father (everyone against the boy, his family against him, etc.) восстанавливать детей против отца и т.д.; turn friends against friends восстановить друзей друг против друга; it turns their argument against them это направляет их доводы против них самих9) turn smb., smth. from smth. turn smb. from his duty отвлекать кого-л. от исполнения своих обязанностей; nothing will ever turn him from his purpose ничто не заставит его изменять своему решению или отказаться от своей цели; turn a vessel from her course заставить судно отклониться от курса; turn the conversation from an unpleasant subject увести разговор от неприятной темы10) turn smth. out of /from/ smth. turn candlesticks out of /from/ brass вытачивать медные подсвечники12. XXIIturn smb. by doing smth. the police turned the advancing crowd by firing over their heads полиция заставила наступающую толпу повернуть назад, начав стрельбу в воздух13. XXVturn when... (as if..., etc.) she turned when she saw us увидев нас, она отвернулась или свернула; he turned as if to go он повернулся, делая вид, что собирается уходить14. XXVIturn smth. when... she turns his shirt-collars when they get frayed она перевертывает воротнички его сорочек, когда они вытираются -
16 turn
[tə:n] 1. verb1) (to (make something) move or go round; to revolve: The wheels turned; He turned the handle.) rodar2) (to face or go in another direction: He turned and walked away; She turned towards him.) virar-se3) (to change direction: The road turned to the left.) virar4) (to direct; to aim or point: He turned his attention to his work.) dirigir5) (to go round: They turned the corner.) dar a volta6) (to (cause something to) become or change to: You can't turn lead into gold; At what temperature does water turn into ice?) transformar(-se)7) (to (cause to) change colour to: Her hair turned white; The shock turned his hair white.) mudar (de cor)2. noun1) (an act of turning: He gave the handle a turn.) volta2) (a winding or coil: There are eighty turns of wire on this aerial.) volta3) ((also turning) a point where one can change direction, eg where one road joins another: Take the third turn(ing) on/to the left.) esquina4) (one's chance or duty (to do, have etc something shared by several people): It's your turn to choose a record; You'll have to wait your turn in the bathroom.) vez5) (one of a series of short circus or variety acts, or the person or persons who perform it: The show opened with a comedy turn.) número•- turnover
- turnstile
- turntable
- turn-up
- by turns
- do someone a good turn
- do a good turn
- in turn
- by turns
- out of turn
- speak out of turn
- take a turn for the better
- worse
- take turns
- turn a blind eye
- turn against
- turn away
- turn back
- turn down
- turn in
- turn loose
- turn off
- turn on
- turn out
- turn over
- turn up* * *[tə:n] n 1 rotação, volta, giro. I took two turns up and down the room / andei duas vezes para cá e para lá dentro do quarto. 2 fig mudança de direção, reviravolta, crise, ação de virar. 3 curva, cotovelo. 4 mudança, alteração, variação. 5 torção, torcedura. 6 vez, ocasião. await your turn! / espere sua vez! now it is my turn / agora é a minha vez. 7 tempo, período, turno. we did it in turns / fizemos isto em turnos. 8 ação, ato, serviço, favor, obséquio. one good turn deserves another / um favor merece outro. 9 inclinação, predileção, tendência, talento. he has a turn for music / ele tem talento (inclinação, interesse) para a música. 10 curso, caminho. 11 passeio, giro, excursão, volta. we took a turn / demos uma volta, fizemos um passeio. 12 susto, choque. it gave her a turn / ela assustou-se. 13 desmaio. 14 Mus grupeto, nota floreada. 15 oportunidade. 16 ocupação passageira ou provisória. 17 Theat número de variedades. 18 estado, condição, natureza, disposição, caráter. 19 sucessão, alternação, rodízio. 20 Typogr letra bloqueada. • vt+vi 1 girar, rodar, virar(-se), volver(-se). he turned her head / ele lhe virou a cabeça. it turns my stomach / está me virando o estômago. I don’t know which way to turn / fig não sei o que fazer, não sei para que lado me virar. we turned the coat inside out / viramos o paletó às avessas. 2 voltar-se. 3 mover, mexer. we did not turn a hair / não perdemos a calma, não demonstramos. 4 mudar (de direção), alterar o curso. 5 dirigir(-se). 6 retornar. 7 desviar. 8 inverter, reverter. 9 revolver na mente. 10 mudar de posição. 11 mudar de assunto. 12 transformar(-se) em (gelo), mudar (cor), tornar(-se) pálido. 13 fazer, formar, adaptar-se. 14 perturbar, transtornar. her brain (head) is turned / ela é louca. 15 mandar embora, fazer ir. 16 volver, dirigir (olhos), virar (rosto). 17 ser mudado. 18 parar, aparar. 19 fazer voltar. 20 passar, dar volta, contornar. 21 ultrapassar, passar (tempo, idade). 22 tornear, fazer no torno. 23 ser torneado. 24 deixar doente. 25 ficar tonto, desmaiar. my head turns / minha cabeça está virando, estou tonto. 26 dobrar. 27 madurecer, mudar de cor. 28 induzir, instigar. 29 expulsar. 30 vender, trocar. 31 traduzir, verter. 32 transformar(-se), alterar, virar às avessas. 33 agrisalhar. 34 entregar. 35 moldar, configurar. 36 resultar, terminar. 37 tornar-se. he turned Christian, soldier, traitor / ele converteu-se ao cristianismo, ficou soldado, virou traidor. 38 estragar, azedar, coalhar (leite). a friendly (good) turn um serviço de amigo, um obséquio. an ill, bad turn um ato mau. an unexpected turn uma mudança inesperada. at every turn a cada momento, em cada ocasião. a turn for the better uma mudança para o melhor. a well turned phrase uma frase bem formulada. by turns alternativamente, em intervalos. done to a turn Cook no ponto. he turned up a tough person ele mostrou-se, revelou-se uma pessoa dura. it took a bad turn virou para o lado ruim. light and dark by turns claro e escuro alternadamente. on the turn prestes a virar (maré). right about turn! Mil meia-volta, volver! the turn of the century a virada do século. to serve one’s turn servir ao fim de, vir a propósito de. to take turns a) mudar, trocar com, revezar-se. b) experimentar. to turn about virar(-se), volver, voltar(-se). to turn a deaf ear fazer-se de surdo. to turn adrift mandar embora, deixar desamparado. to turn against influenciar contra, virar-se contra, ofender, atiçar. to turn around virar ao contrário, torcer (palavras), mudar de atitude. to turn aside desviar(-se), virar-se para o lado. to turn a trick vulg vender-se (prostituta). to turn away a) desviar, virar, mandar embora, despedir, rejeitar. b) virar-se, voltar-se. to turn back a) regressar, voltar, retroceder. b) recusar, devolver. c) retorquir. d) mandar de volta, fazer voltar. she couldn’t turn back / ela não pode voltar atrás (decisão). to turn down a) virar para baixo, dobrar (para baixo). b) diminuir (gás, etc.). c) declinar, rejeitar (oferta). d) desprezar, abandonar. e) descer, ir para baixo. to turn eighteen fazer, completar 18 anos. to turn from dissuadir de. to turn in a) virar, dobrar, (para dentro). b) entregar (alguém). to turn into a) converter em, transformar em. b) instigar a. c) traduzir. d) transformar-se em. e) converter-se em, tornar-se, ficar. to turn into verse pôr em versos. to turn nasty tornar-se desagradável. to turn off a) desviar, afastar, impedir. b) ( from de), despedir, mandar embora. c) fechar, desligar (gás, rádio, torneira). d) realizar, produzir. e) desligar emocionalmente ou sexualmente. f) dirigir-se para o lado. g) desviar-se, afastar-se. h) estragar. i) virar, entrar, sair de uma rua e entrar em outra, dobrar uma esquina. to turn off with a laugh desfazer com um riso. to turn on a) abrir (torneira), ligar (rádio, etc.). b) coll excitar (sexualmente). c) usar narcóticos. d) virar-se. e) girar sobre, em volta de, depender de. f) atacar, visar, retorquir. to turn one’s coat virar a casaca, mudar de opinião. to turn on the heat sl aumentar o esforço, pressão, atividade. to turn out a) virar para fora (os pés). b) expulsar, mandar embora. they turned him out of doors (out of the house) / botaram-no para fora. c) despejar. d) apagar, desligar (luz). e) virar às avessas (as bolsas). f) extrair (carvão). g) transportar, carregar, produzir, fornecer (mercadorias). h) sl iniciar alguém (sexo, drogas). i) virar-se, dirigir-se (para fora). j) sair, ir-se. k) vir à luz, confirmar (-se). l) formar-se, tornar-se. he has turned out a diligent boy / ele tornou-se um rapaz diligente. m) verificar-se, mostrar ser. It turned out that she had money / verificou-se que ela tinha o dinheiro. n) decorrer, terminar. o) largar o trabalho. to turn out well sair bem, dar certo. to turn over a) virar. b) folhar. c) derrubar. d) transbordar. e) transferir. f) revolver. g) movimentar (dinheiro). h) transmitir. i) extraditar. j) encarregar. k) virar-se. l) girar, revolver-se. m) mudar de opinião ou posição. n) inverter. o) denunciar, entregar (às autoridades). to turn over in someone’s mind estudar bem, pensar bem. to turn round a) girar, virar. b) volver, voltar. c) fig converter-se. to turn someone round one’s little finger dominar alguém completamente. to turn something into money transformar em dinheiro, vender. to turn tail recuar ignominiosamente. to turn the back upon someone virar as costas para alguém. to turn the corner a) dobrar a esquina. b) fig vencer a crise. to turn the key virar a chave. to turn the knife in the wound fig abrir novas feridas. to turn the steps towards dirigir os passos para. to turn the tables mudar a sorte. to turn the tables upon pagar na mesma moeda a. to turn the tap on fig cair em prantos. to turn things upside down virar as coisas de pernas para a ar. to turn thumbs down sl recusar, rejeitar, negar. to turn to a) dirigir, concentrar, aplicar, aproveitar. he turn edit to account / ele tirou proveito disto, aproveitou-o com vantagem. b) começar a trabalhar. c) dirigir-se para. they turned to us / dirigiram-se a nós. d) dirigir-se a. e) voltar-se para. f) transformar-se em, converter-se para, tornar-se. to turn toward dirigir para. to turn turtle fig virar de pernas para o ar. to turn up a) virar para cima, dobrar para cima. she turned up her nose / ela torceu o nariz. b) trazer à tona. c) arregaçar. d) aumentar (som, fogo). e) abrir (baralho). f) descobrir, revelar. g) fazer a barra (roupas). h) dirigir-se para cima, virar-se para cima, levantar-se. i) aparecer, vir à tona, surgir. she has turned up at last / ela chegou finalmente. j) acontecer, suceder. k) tornar-se. l) verificar-se, mostrar-se. to turn upon dirigir-se contra, girar em torno de, tratar-se de. to turn up the wick (sl de aviação) acelerar, voar a toda a velocidade. to turn water into wine transformar água em vinho. turn and turn about alternativamente, sucessivamente. turn it up! coll basta! chega! cale a boca! turn of mind modo de pensar. turn over! vide verso! we turned an honest penny by ganhamos nosso dinheiro honestamente com. -
17 grow
1. intransitive verb,1) wachsen; [Bevölkerung:] zunehmen, wachsengrow out of or from something — (develop) sich aus etwas entwickeln; (from something abstract) von etwas herrühren; [Situation, Krieg usw.:] die Folge von etwas sein; [Plan:] aus etwas erwachsen
2) (become) werdengrow used to something/somebody — sich an etwas/jemanden gewöhnen
grow apart — (fig.) sich auseinander leben
he grew to be a man — er wuchs zum Manne heran (geh.)
grow to love/hate etc. somebody/something — jemanden/etwas liebenlernen/hassenlernen usw.
2. transitive verb,grow to like somebody/something — nach und nach Gefallen an jemandem/etwas finden. See also academic.ru/32680/growing">growing; grown 2.
grew, grown2)grow one's hair [long] — sich (Dat.) die Haare [lang] wachsen lassen
grow a beard — sich (Dat.) einen Bart wachsen lassen
Phrasal Verbs:- grow into- grow on- grow out of- grow up- grow up into* * *[ɡrəu]past tense - grew; verb2) (to become bigger, longer etc: My hair has grown too long; Our friendship grew as time went on.) wachsen3) (to cause or allow to grow: He has grown a beard.) wachsen lassen4) ((with into) to change into, in becoming mature: Your daughter has grown into a beautiful woman.) sich entwickeln5) (to become: It's growing dark.) werden•- grower- grown
- growth
- grown-up
- grown-up
- grow on
- grow up* * *<grew, grown>[grəʊ, AM groʊ]I. vi1. (increase in size) wachsenhaven't you \grown! bist du aber gewachsen [o groß geworden]!roses grew up against the wall Rosen rankten sich an der Wand hochto \grow taller größer werden, wachsen2. (flourish) plants gedeihen3. (increase) wachsen, zunehmen, steigenfootball's popularity continues to \grow Fußball wird immer populärerto \grow by 2% um 2 % wachsen [o zunehmen5. (become) werdenhe is finding it hard to cope with \growing old er tut sich mit dem Älterwerden schwershe has \grown to hate him mit der Zeit lernte sie, ihn zu hassento \grow wiser weiser werdento \grow to like sth langsam beginnen, etw zu mögen6.II. vt▪ to \grow sth1. (cultivate) etw anbauento \grow coffee/maize/tomatoes Kaffee/Mais/Tomaten anbauento \grow flowers Blumen züchtento \grow one's own fruit/vegetables selbst Obst/Gemüse anbauento \grow sth from seed etw aus Samen ziehen2. (let grow) etw wachsen lassento \grow a beard/moustache sich dat einen Bart/Schnurrbart wachsen [o stehen] lassento \grow one's hair [sich dat] die Haare wachsen lassen3. (develop) etw entwickelnthe male deer \grows large antlers dem Hirsch wächst ein mächtiges Geweihfurry animals \grow a thicker coat in winter Pelztiere bekommen im Winter ein dichteres Fell* * *[grəʊ] pret grew, ptp grown1. vt1) plants ziehen; (commercially) potatoes, wheat, tea etc anbauen, anpflanzen; (= cultivate) flowers züchten2)to grow a beard/one's hair — sich (dat) einen Bart/die Haare wachsen lassen
2. vi1) (= get bigger, longer etc) wachsen; (person, baby) wachsen, größer werden; (hair) wachsen, länger werden; (in numbers) zunehmen; (in size) sich vergrößern; (fig = become more mature) sich weiterentwickelnto grow in stature/wisdom — an Ansehen/Weisheit zunehmen
my, how you've or haven't you grown! — du bist aber groß geworden!
fears were growing for her safety — man machte sich zunehmend Sorgen um ihre Sicherheit
the economy/market/population is growing by 2% a year — die Wirtschaft/der Markt/die Bevölkerung wächst um 2% pro Jahr
2) (= become) werdento grow to do/be sth — allmählich etw tun/sein
to grow to hate/love sb — jdn hassen/lieben lernen
to grow used to sth — sich an etw (acc) gewöhnen
* * *A v/i1. wachsen:grow together zusammenwachsen, (miteinander) verwachsen;2. BOT wachsen, vorkommen3. wachsen, größer oder stärker werden4. fig zunehmen (in an dat), anwachsen:grow in wisdom klüger werdengrow less sich vermindern;grow warm warm werden, sich erwärmen6. verwachsen (to mit) (auch fig)B v/t1. Gemüse, Wein etc anbauen, anpflanzen, Blumen etc züchten:grow from seed aus Samen ziehen2. sich einen Bart etc wachsen lassen:grow a beard auch sich einen Bart stehen lassen;grow one’s hair long sich die Haare lang wachsen lassen3. fig ausbauen, erweitern* * *1. intransitive verb,1) wachsen; [Bevölkerung:] zunehmen, wachsengrow out of or from something — (develop) sich aus etwas entwickeln; (from something abstract) von etwas herrühren; [Situation, Krieg usw.:] die Folge von etwas sein; [Plan:] aus etwas erwachsen
grow in — gewinnen an (+ Dat.) [Größe, Bedeutung, Autorität, Popularität, Weisheit]
2) (become) werdengrow used to something/somebody — sich an etwas/jemanden gewöhnen
grow apart — (fig.) sich auseinander leben
grow to love/hate etc. somebody/something — jemanden/etwas liebenlernen/hassenlernen usw.
2. transitive verb,grow to like somebody/something — nach und nach Gefallen an jemandem/etwas finden. See also growing; grown 2.
grew, grown2)grow one's hair [long] — sich (Dat.) die Haare [lang] wachsen lassen
grow a beard — sich (Dat.) einen Bart wachsen lassen
Phrasal Verbs:- grow on- grow up* * *v.(§ p.,p.p.: grew, grown)= anbauen v.anwachsen v.sich ausweiten (zu) v.wachsen v.(§ p.,pp.: wuchs, ist gewachsen)werden v.(§ p.,pp.: wurde, ist geworden)zunehmen v.züchten v. -
18 grow
ɡrəupast tense - grew; verb1) ((of plants) to develop: Carrots grow well in this soil.) vokse, gro, utvikle seg, dyrke2) (to become bigger, longer etc: My hair has grown too long; Our friendship grew as time went on.) vokse, bli større/lengre3) (to cause or allow to grow: He has grown a beard.) la vokse, anlegge4) ((with into) to change into, in becoming mature: Your daughter has grown into a beautiful woman.) bli, utvikle seg til5) (to become: It's growing dark.) bli (gradvis)•- grower- grown
- growth
- grown-up
- grown-up
- grow on
- grow updyrke--------gro--------tilta--------vokse1) vokse, gro, spire, kunne dyrkes2) utvikle seg, bli større, øke, utvide seg• look how you've grown!hun har vokst seg til fysisk, men ikke mentalt3) ( gradvis) bli• grow oldbli gammel \/ eldes4) dyrke5) produsere6) få7) utvikle8) la vokse, anleggegrow apart vokse fra hverandregrow away from vokse fra, bli fremmed forgrow big and strong vokse seg stor og sterk• now, eat your porridge, and you'll grow big and strongspis grøten din, så du blir stor og sterkgrow down(wards) minkegrow due forfallebe growing begynne å bligrow into a habit bli en vanegrow into fashion bli moderne, bli ingrow into one eller grow together vokse sammenbe grown over with være bevokst med, være overgrodd medbe grown up være voksengrow old bli gammel, eldesgrow on somebody være noe man blir stadig mer glad i, være noe som stadig betyr mergrow out bli for liten, bli fylt opp ( om grønnsaker) gå i stokkgrow out of vokse fra( overført) vokse fra, legge seg av med( overført) vokse frem fra, utvikle seg på grunnlag avgrow pale bli blek, blekneså høy du har blitt \/ så lang du har blittgrow to komme til å, lære seg ågrow to a storm blåse opp til stormgrow up ( om mennesker) vokse opp, bli stor ( om planter) skyte frem ( overført) utvikle seg, vokse fram( som interjeksjon) nå får du se og bli voksen, skjerp deggrow (up)on holde på å ta helt overhånd, holde på å ta kontrollengrow worse forverres, bli dårligere, bli verre -
19 in
in [ɪn]dans ⇒ 1A (a)-(e), 1B (c), 1C (d), 1D (a), 1F (a) à ⇒ 1A (g), 1F (b) en ⇒ 1A (h), 1B (a), 1B (b), 1C (a), 1C (b), 1C (d), 1E (b), 1F (b) chez ⇒ 1C (f) sur ⇒ 1G (b) à l'intérieur ⇒ 2A (a) à la mode ⇒ 2E (b), 3 (a)A.∎ in a box dans une boîte;∎ what have you got in your pockets? qu'est-ce que tu as dans tes poches?;∎ she was sitting in an armchair elle était assise dans un fauteuil;∎ in the house dans la maison;∎ in Catherine's house chez Catherine;∎ they're playing in the garden/living room/street ils jouent dans le jardin/le salon/la rue;∎ we live in a village nous habitons un village;∎ he's still in bed/in the bath il est encore au lit/dans son bain;∎ she shut herself up in her bedroom elle s'est enfermée dans sa chambre;∎ the light's gone in the fridge la lumière du réfrigérateur ne marche plus;∎ Law in camera à huis clos∎ she trailed her hand in the water elle laissait traîner sa main dans l'eau;∎ there's a smell of spring in the air ça sent le printemps;∎ we swam in the sea nous nous sommes baignés dans la mer(c) (indicating movement) dans;∎ put it in your pocket mets-le dans ta poche;∎ throw the letter in the bin jette la lettre à la poubelle;∎ we headed in the direction of the port nous nous sommes dirigés vers le port∎ he had a knife in his hand il avait un couteau dans ou à la main;∎ she held her tight in her arms elle la serrait dans ses bras;∎ with tears in his eyes les larmes aux yeux(e) (on or behind a surface) dans;∎ a hole in the wall un trou dans le mur;∎ there were deep cuts in the surface la surface était marquée de profondes entailles;∎ a reflection in the mirror un reflet dans la glace;∎ how much is that jumper in the window? combien coûte ce pull dans la vitrine?;∎ who's that man in the photo? qui est cet homme sur la photo?∎ she's in hospital/in prison elle est à l'hôpital/en prison;∎ he teaches in a language school il enseigne dans une école de langues∎ in Paris à Paris;∎ in France en France;∎ in Afghanistan en Afghanistan;∎ in the States aux États-Unis;∎ in Portugal au Portugal;∎ in the Pacific dans l'océan Pacifique;∎ in the Third World dans les pays du tiers-monde∎ he was in a suit il était en costume;∎ she was still in her dressing gown elle était encore en robe de chambre;∎ he always dresses in green il s'habille toujours en vert;∎ who's that woman in the hat? qui est la femme avec le ou au chapeau?;∎ in uniform/mourning en uniforme/deuil∎ sardines in tomato sauce des sardines à la sauce tomate;∎ beef in a red wine sauce bœuf mijoté dans une sauce au vin rouge;∎ fish in breadcrumbs poisson pané;∎ we were up to our waists in mud nous étions dans la boue jusqu'à la tailleB.∎ in 1992 en 1992;∎ in March en mars, au mois de mars;∎ in the thirties dans les années trente;∎ in (the) summer/autumn/winter en été/automne/hiver;∎ in (the) spring au printemps;∎ he doesn't work in the afternoon/morning il ne travaille pas l'après-midi/le matin;∎ I'll come in the afternoon/morning je viendrai l'après-midi/le matin;∎ at 5 o'clock in the afternoon/morning à 5 heures de l'après-midi/du matin;∎ in the future à l'avenir;∎ in the past autrefois∎ he cooked the meal in ten minutes il prépara le repas en dix minutes∎ I'll be back in five minutes je reviens dans cinq minutes, j'en ai pour cinq minutes∎ we haven't had a proper talk in ages nous n'avons pas eu de véritable conversation depuis très longtemps;∎ I hadn't seen her in years ça faisait des années que je ne l'avais pas vue∎ in my absence en ou pendant mon absence;∎ in the ensuing chaos dans la confusion qui s'ensuivitC.(a) (indicating arrangement, shape) en;∎ in five rows/parts en cinq rangées/parties;∎ stand in a circle mettez-vous en cercle;∎ line up in twos mettez-vous par deux;∎ cut the cake in three/in half coupe le gâteau en trois/en deux;∎ she had her hair up in a ponytail ses cheveux étaient relevés en queue de cheval(b) (indicating form, method)∎ in cash en liquide;∎ in writing par écrit;∎ in English/French en anglais/français;∎ written in ink écrit à l'encre;∎ do you have these shoes in a 5? est-ce que vous auriez ces chaussures en 38?;∎ have you got this jacket in a large? est-ce que vous auriez cette veste dans une taille plus grande?;∎ does it come in red? est-ce que ça existe ou est-ce que ça se fait en rouge?∎ she's in a bit of a state elle est dans tous ses états;∎ to be in love être amoureux;∎ don't keep us in suspense ne nous tiens pas en haleine plus longtemps;∎ he watched in wonderment il regardait avec émerveillement(d) (indicating state, situation) dans, en;∎ in the present circumstances dans les circonstances actuelles;∎ in the dark dans l'obscurité;∎ in this weather par ou avec ce temps;∎ in the sun au soleil;∎ in the rain/snow sous la pluie/neige;∎ in danger/silence en danger/silence;∎ in my presence en ma présence;∎ she's got her leg in plaster elle a une jambe plâtrée ou dans le plâtre∎ in blossom en fleur ou fleurs;∎ in pup/calf/cub plein;∎ American in heat en chaleur∎ a disease common in five-year-olds une maladie très répandue chez les enfants de cinq ans;∎ the sense of smell is more developed in dogs l'odorat est plus développé chez les chiensD.(a) (forming part of) dans;∎ in chapter six dans le chapitre six;∎ we were standing in a queue nous faisions la queue;∎ she's appearing in his new play/film elle joue dans sa nouvelle pièce/son nouveau film;∎ he has two Picassos in his collection il a deux Picasso dans sa collection;∎ this is a common theme in Shakespeare's work c'est un thème fréquent dans les œuvres de Shakespeare;∎ the best player in the team le meilleur joueur de l'équipe;∎ how many feet are there in a metre? combien de pieds y a-t-il dans un mètre?;∎ service is included in the price le service est inclus dans le prix∎ she hasn't got it in her to be nasty elle est bien incapable de méchanceté;∎ I didn't think she had it in her je ne l'en croyais pas capable;∎ it's the Irish in me c'est mon côté irlandais∎ she has no confidence in him elle n'a aucune confiance en lui;∎ they showed no interest in my work mon travail n'a pas eu l'air de les intéresser le moins du monde∎ in my opinion or view à mon avisE.(a) (indicating purpose, cause)∎ he charged the door in an effort to get free dans un effort pour se libérer, il donna un grand coup dans la porte;∎ in reply or response to your letter... en réponse à votre lettre...;∎ there's no point in complaining il est inutile de ou ça ne sert à rien de se plaindre(b) (as a result of) en;∎ in doing so, you only encourage him en faisant cela, vous ne faites que l'encourager;∎ in attempting to save her son's life, she almost died en essayant de sauver son fils, elle a failli mourir∎ it's five feet in length ça fait cinq pieds de long;∎ the town has grown considerably in size la ville s'est beaucoup agrandie;∎ a change in direction un changement de direction;∎ he's behind in maths il ne suit pas en maths;∎ spinach is rich in iron les épinards sont riches en fer;∎ we've found the ideal candidate in Richard nous avons trouvé en Richard le candidat idéal∎ I've got a pain in my arm j'ai une douleur au ou dans le brasF.(a) (indicating specified field, sphere of activity) dans;∎ to be in the army/navy être dans l'armée/la marine;∎ she's in advertising elle est dans la publicité;∎ an expert in economics un expert en économie politique;∎ he's in business with his sister il dirige une entreprise avec sa sœur;∎ there have been tremendous advances in the treatment of cancer de grands progrès ont été faits dans le traitement du cancer;∎ a degree in Italian une licence d'italien∎ our days were spent in swimming and sailing nous passions nos journées à nager et à faire de la voile;∎ they spent hours (engaged) in complex negotiations ils ont passé des heures en négociations difficiles;∎ you took your time in getting here! tu en as mis du temps à venir!G.(a) (indicating approximate number, amount)∎ people arrived in droves/in dribs and drabs les gens sont arrivés en foule/par petits groupes;∎ they came in their thousands ils sont venus par milliers;∎ he's in his forties il a la quarantaine;∎ the temperature was in the nineties la température était dans les trente degrés(b) (in ratios) sur;∎ one child in three un enfant sur trois;∎ a one-in-five hill une pente de 20 pour cent;∎ once in ten years une fois tous les dix ans2 adverbA.(a) (into an enclosed space) à l'intérieur, dedans;∎ she opened the door and looked in elle ouvrit la porte et regarda à l'intérieur;∎ he jumped in il sauta dedans∎ breathe in then out inspirez puis expirez;∎ we can't take in any more refugees nous ne pouvons pas accueillir plus de réfugiés;∎ she's been in and out of mental hospitals all her life elle a passé presque toute sa vie dans des hôpitaux psychiatriques;∎ she and I were always in and out of each other's houses nous étions tout le temps fourrées l'une chez l'autre∎ is your wife/the boss in? est-ce que votre femme/le patron est là?;∎ it's nice to spend an evening in c'est agréable de passer une soirée chez soi;∎ to eat/to stay in manger/rester à la maison;∎ we've got the builders in nous avons des ouvriers à la maison;∎ he usually comes in about 10 o'clock en général, il est là vers 10 heures;∎ familiar what's he in for? (in prison) pourquoi est-ce qu'il fait de la tôle?; (in hospital) pourquoi est-ce qu'il est à l'hôpital?□B.∎ to go in entrer;∎ come in! entrez!;∎ to saunter/to run in entrer d'un pas nonchalant/en courant;∎ in we go! on y va!∎ the bus isn't in yet le bus n'est pas encore arrivé;∎ what time does your train get in? quand est-ce que votre train arrive?∎ the walls fell in les murs se sont écroulés;∎ the edges bend in le bord est recourbé∎ the tide is in la marée est hauteC.∎ write in for further information écrivez-nous pour plus de renseignements;∎ entries must be in by 1 May les bulletins doivent nous parvenir avant le 1 mai;∎ offers of help poured in les propositions d'aide sont arrivées en masse(b) (indicating participation, addition)∎ to be in at the start/finish of sth assister au début/à la fin de qch;∎ we asked if we could join in nous avons demandé si nous pouvions participer;∎ stir in the sliced onions ajouter les oignons en lamelles;∎ fill in the blanks remplissez les espaces videsD.∎ the ball was in la balle était bonne(b) (in cricket) à l'attaque;∎ the other side went in first c'est l'autre équipe qui était d'abord à l'attaqueE.∎ he failed to get in at the last election il n'a pas été élu aux dernières élections(b) (in fashion) à la mode;∎ short skirts are coming back in les jupes courtes reviennent à la modeF.∎ you're in for a bit of a disappointment tu vas être déçu;∎ he's in for a surprise/shock il va avoir une surprise/un choc;∎ we're in for a storm nous aurons sûrement de l'orage;∎ they don't know what they're in for ils ne savent pas ce qui les attend;∎ now he's really in for it cette fois-ci, il va y avoir droit;∎ he's in on the secret il est dans le secret;∎ he's in on it il est dans le coup;∎ we were all in on the plot on était tous au courant;∎ I wasn't in on that particular conversation je n'étais pas là pendant cette conversation;∎ familiar to be in with sb être en bons termes avec qn;∎ he's trying to get in with the boss il essaie de se faire bien voir du patron(a) (fashionable) à la mode□, branché;∎ that nightclub is very in cette boîte est très à la mode;∎ it's the in place to go c'est l'endroit branché du moment;∎ to be the in thing être à la mode;∎ the in crowd les gens dans le coup∎ it's an in joke c'est une plaisanterie entre nous/elles/ etc □4 noun∎ to have an in avoir de l'influence;∎ he has an in with the senator il a ses entrées chez le sénateur∎ the ins and outs (of a situation) les tenants et les aboutissants (d'une situation)en tout;∎ there are 30 in all il y en a 30 en tout1 adverb∎ a row of bushes with little clumps of flowers in between une rangée d'arbustes séparés par des petites touffes de fleurs;∎ he's neither right nor left but somewhere in between il n'est ni de droite ni de gauche mais quelque part entre les deux;∎ she either plays very well or very badly, never in between elle joue très bien ou très mal, jamais entre les deuxentreen soi;∎ the town is not in itself beautiful but it has style la ville n'est pas belle en soi mais elle a de l'allure;∎ this was in itself an achievement c'était déjà un exploit en soipuisque;∎ I'm not badly off in that I have a job and a flat but... je ne peux pas me plaindre puisque j'ai un emploi et un appartement mais...;∎ we are lucky in that there are only a few of us nous avons de la chance d'être si peu nombreux►► Computing in box (for e-mail) boîte f de réception, corbeille f d'arrivée -
20 streak
[stri:k] 1. noun1) (a long, irregular mark or stripe: There was a streak of blood on her cheek; a streak of lightning.) stribe2) (a trace of some quality in a person's character etc: She has a streak of selfishness.) anstrøg2. verb1) (to mark with streaks: Her dark hair was streaked with grey; The child's face was streaked with tears.) gøre stribet2) (to move very fast: The runner streaked round the racetrack.) stryge afsted•- streaky* * *[stri:k] 1. noun1) (a long, irregular mark or stripe: There was a streak of blood on her cheek; a streak of lightning.) stribe2) (a trace of some quality in a person's character etc: She has a streak of selfishness.) anstrøg2. verb1) (to mark with streaks: Her dark hair was streaked with grey; The child's face was streaked with tears.) gøre stribet2) (to move very fast: The runner streaked round the racetrack.) stryge afsted•- streaky
См. также в других словарях:
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